A quiet revolution is underway, with the growing interest  of librarians and educators about information literacy / competence in information. The concept, based on the current scenario, has been widely adopted and diffused in countries like the United States and Australia. Information Literacy appeared in literature in 1974 and basically can be defined as the area on the informational universe, incorporating skills, knowledge and values related to search, access, evaluation, organization and dissemination of information and knowledge. This study is from of a theoretical-documentary, in-depth study of the subject, present a historical retrospective, define the concept, highlighting different conceptions and emphases around information literacy. The interface with the education and the role of librarian as an education are also addressed. Information Literacy emerges as a new educational philosophy, the basis for knowledge management and lifelong learning