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    <title>Designing a Metadata-Enabled Namespace for Enhancing Resource Discovery in Knowledge Bases [Version presented at the International Conference]</title>
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    <keywords>Metadata, namespace, Resource Discovery, digitized resources, electronic resources, RDF, Resource Description Framework, crosswalks, interoperability, metatags, XML, eXtensible Markup Language, DOI, Digital Object Identifier, metadata  syntax, Encoded Archival Description, EAD, Dublin Core, DC, Government Information Locator Services, GILS, metadata registries, Metadata Schemes, Text Encoding Initiative Header, TEI Header, Visual Resources Association Visual Document Description Categories, VRA Visual Document Description Categories, Consortium for the Interchange of Museum Information metadata set, CIMI metadata set, Digital Geospatial Metadata, DGM, ontologies, MARC, metadati, reperimento delle risorse, risorse elettroniche, mappature, interoperabilità, ontologie, registri di metadati, schemi di metadati, sintassi di metadati</keywords>
    <abstract>The proliferation of digitized resources accessible via Internet and Intranet knowledge bases, and a pressing need to develop more sophisticated tools for the identification and retrieval of electronic resources, both general purpose and domain-specific metadata schemes have assumed a particular prominence. While recent work emanating from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has focused on the Resource Description Framework (RDF), and metadata maps or “crosswalks” have been created to support the interoperability of metadata standards -- thus converting metatags from diverse domains from simply “machine-readable” to “machine-understandable” -- the next iteration, to “human-understandable”, remains a challenge. This apparent gap provides a framework for three-phase research (Howarth, 2000, 1999) to develop a tool which will provide a “human-understandable” front-end search assist to any XML-compliant metadata scheme. Findings from phase one, the analyses and mapping of eight metadata schemes, identify the particular challenges of designing a common “namespace”, populated with element tags which are appropriately descriptive, yet readily understood by a lay searcher, when there is little congruence within, and a high degree of variability across, the metadata schemes under study. Implications for the subsequent design and testing of both the proposed “metalevel ontology” (phase two), and the prototype search assist tool (phase three) are examined.</abstract>
    <date>2001</date>
    <publisher>Editrice Bibliografica</publisher>
    <confdates>26-28 November 2001</confdates>
    <conference>International Conference Electronic Resources : Definition, Selection and Cataloguing</conference>
    <confloc>Rome</confloc>
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          <family>Guerrini</family>
          <given>Mauro</given>
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    <referencetext>Baca, Murtha, et al. (2000). A Crosswalk of Metadata Standards. In Introduction to Metadata: Pathways to Digital Information. http://www.getty.edu/gri/standard/intrometadata/crosswsd.htm 
Baker, Thomas. (1999). Organizing the Web: an Update on the Metadata Movement. http://www.cs.ait.ac.th/~tbaker/kyunghee.html.gz 

Cromwell-Kessler, Willy. (1998?) Crosswalks, Metadata Mapping, and Interoperability: What Does it all Mean? In Introduction to Metadata: Pathways to Digital Information. http://www.getty.edu/gri/standard/intrometadata/define.htm 

Howarth, Lynne C. (2001). Project Website for “Modelling a Metalevel Ontology”. http://www.fis.utoronto.ca/special/metadata/index.htm 

Howarth, Lynne C. (2000). Designing a &apos;Human Understandable&apos; Metalevel Ontology for Enhancing Resource Discovery in Knowledge Bases. In Dynamism and Stability in Knowledge Organization: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of the International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, 10-13 July, 2000. Edited by N.J. Williamson, C. Beghtol, and L.C. Howarth. W_rzburg: Ergon Verlag. pp. 391-397.

Howarth, Lynne C. (1999). Modelling a &apos;Human Understandable&apos; Metalevel Ontology for Enhancing Information Seeking on the World Wide Web. In Information Science: Where Has it Been, Where is it Going? Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Canadian Association for Information Science, Congress of the Social Sciences and Humanities, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, 9-11 June, 1999. Montréal: CAIS. pp. 115-124.

Lagoze, Carl. (1996). The Warwick Framework: A Container Architecture for Metadata. D-Lib Magazine, July/August, 1996. http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july96/07/lagoze/07lagoze.html 

Lassila, Ora. (1997). Introduction to RDF Metadata. Technical Report. AW3C Note 1997-11-13.   http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-rdf-simple-intro-971113.html 

Lassila, Ora, and Swick, Ralph R. (1999). Resource Description Framework (RDF) Model and Syntax Specification. Technical Report. AW3C Recommendation 22 February, 1999. http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-rdf-syntax-19990222.html 

St. Pierre, Margaret, and LaPlant, William P. (1998). Content Metadata. In NISO Standards: Issues in Crosswalking. http://www.niso.org/crswalk.html 

Weibel, Stuart. (1999). The State of the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative. D-Lib Magazine, April 1999. http://www.dlib.org/dlib/april99/04weibel.html</referencetext>
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