Metamorphosis or Extinction : the Future of Scholarly Journals. ArXiv, PubMed Central, Dspace, Eprints, Biomed Central, PLoS... new players on the scene. New initiatives and new challenges to traditional forms of scholarly communication: Open Archives Initiative, SPARC, Public Library of Science, Budapest Open Access Initiative... Are journals as we know them today continuing to be the dominant medium for dissemination of scientific information? What will happen with peer-review system, copyright regulations and evaluation of scientific performance based on citation and impact factor? Which are the roles intended for authors, publishers and librarians in those new circumstances?