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          <given>Elizabeth</given>
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    <title>RoMEO Studies 4: An analysis of Journal publishers&apos; Copyright Agreements</title>
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      <item>E.</item>
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    <keywords>Romeo Project, copyright, Open archive</keywords>
    <abstract>This article is the fourth in a series of six emanating from the UK JISC-funded RoMEO Project (Rights Metadata for Open archiving). It describes an analysis of 80 scholarly journal publishers’ copyright agreements with a particular view to their effect on author self-archiving. 90% of agreements asked for copyright transfer and 69% asked for it prior to refereeing the paper. 75% asked authors to warrant that their work had not been previously published although only two explicitly stated that they viewed self-archiving as prior publication. 28.5% of agreements provided authors with no usage rights over their own paper. Although 42.5% allowed self-archiving in some format, there was no consensus on the conditions under which self-archiving could take place. The article concludes that author-publisher copyright agreements should be reconsidered by a working party representing the needs of both parties</abstract>
    <date>2003</date>
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    <handle>http://hdl.handle.net/10760/4846</handle>
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    <referencetext>1 Bammel, J. (1999). &quot;The publisher-author relationship: principles of good practice in scholarly journal publishing.&quot; Learned Publishing 12(2): 75-78. 
2 Oliver, R. (1999). &quot;Copyright assignment: some considerations.&quot; Learned Publishing 11(1): 4-7. 
3 (1999). What authors want :the ALPSP research study on the motivations and concerns of contributors to learn. West Sussex, Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers. 
4 Gadd, Elizabeth., Charles Oppenheim and Steve Probets. RoMEO Studies 1: The impact of copyright ownership on author self-archiving. Journal of Documentation 59(3), 243-277. 
5 Swan, A. (2002). Authors and electronic publishing: the ALPSP research study on authors&apos; and readers&apos; views of electronic research communication. West Sussex, ALPSP. 
6 Project RoMEO. (2003) URL: http://www.lboro.ac.uk/departments/dis/disresearch/romeo/index.html 
7 Jaffe, S. (2002). &quot;The next Research Assessment Exercise will probably include citation analysis.&quot; The Scientist 16(22): 54. 
8 The market for scientific, technical and medical journals: A statement by the OFT. (2002). London, Office of
Fair Trading: 27 URL: http://www.oft.gov.uk/News/Press+releases/2002/PN+55-02+Can+the+scientific+journals+market+work+better%3f.htm. 
9 Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers. URL: http://www.alpsp.org/ 
10 Society for Scholarly Publishing. URL: http://www.sspnet.org/ 
11 Ulrich’s Periodicals Directory Database. Accessed 14 January 2003. 
12 Morris, S. (2000). &quot;Guest Editorial. Authors and copyright.&quot; Learned Publishing 13(2): 75-76. 
13 ALPSP (1999). Model Grant of Licence. URL: http://www.alpsp.org/grantli.pdf. 14 See the September-98-Forum list. Threads entitled: “Learned Society Publisher&apos;s Comment on PLoS/Sabo” and “Detecting Plagiarism”. 22-23 July, 2003. URL: http://amsci-forum.amsci.org/archives/september98-forum.html 
15 Lawrence, S. (2001). &quot;Online or invisible?&quot; Nature 411(6837): 521 http://www.neci.nec.com/~lawrence/papers/online-nature01/. 
16 Copyright Law of the United States of America and related laws contained in title 17 of the United States
Code. http://www.copyright.gov/title17/circ92.pdf. (2001) Washington, D.C., Library of Congress: US Copyright Office. 
17 BioMed Central’s Publishing Model. (2003) URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com/download/advocacy/lib_advocacy.ppt 
18 Harnad, S. (2001). For Whom the Gate Tolls? How and Why to Free the Refereed Research Literature Online Through Author/Institution Self-Archiving, Now. URL:http://cogprints.soton.ac.uk/documents/disk0/00/00/16/39/index.html. 
19 Kahin, B. (1994). The Copyright law: how it works and new issues in electronic settings. New scholarship: new serials. Proceedings of the North American Serials Interest Group. 8th Annual Conference, June 10-13, 1993. Brown University, Providence, RI. G. McMillan, and Marilyn Norstedt. New York, Haworth Press: 163-172. 
20 Rosenblatt, B. (1998). Moral rights basics, Harvard Law School http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/property/library/moralprimer.html. 2002. 
21 Relman, A. S. (1981). &quot;The Ingelfinger Rule.&quot; New England Journal of Medicine 305(Oct 1, 1981): 824-826. 
22 Angell, M., J.P. Kassirer (1991). &quot;The Ingelfinger rule revisited.&quot; New England Journal of Medicine 325(Nov.7, 1991): 1371-1373. 
23 See for example, the September-98-Forum list. Thread entitled: Garfield: &quot;Acknowledged Self-Archiving is Not Prior Publication&quot;. 31 August – 13 September, 2002. URL: http://amsci-forum.amsci.org/archives/september98-forum.html 
24 Hanks, Patrick (ed.) Collins dictionary of the English language. (2nd ed.) London : Collins, 1986. 
25 Swan, A. (2002). Authors and electronic publishing: the ALPSP research study on authors&apos; and readers&apos; views of electronic research communication. West Sussex, ALPSP: 83pp. Pp. 24-25. 
26 Pinfield, S. (2001). &quot;How Do Physicists Use an E-Print Archive? Implications for Institutional E-Print Services.&quot; D-Lib Magazine 7(12): http://www.dlib.org/dlib/december01/pinfield/12pinfield.html. 
27 Day, M. (2003). Prospects for institutional e-print repositories in the United Kingdom: ePrints UK supporting study, no. 1. Bath, UKOLN. URL: http://www.rdn.ac.uk/projects/eprints-uk/docs/studies/impact/. 
28 (1999). What authors want :the ALPSP research study on the motivations and concerns of contributors to learn. London, Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers. 
29 Maly, K., Mohammad Zubair and Xiaoming Liu (2001). &quot;Kepler - An OAI Data/Service Provider for the Individual.&quot; D-Lib Magazine 7(4): http://www.dlib.org/dlib/april01/maly/04maly.html.
30 Le Hunte Ward, F. (2003). Metadata and copyright. Post to the metadata@creativecommons.org
discussion list. Monday 10 March, 2003 
31 Bammel, J. (1999). &quot;The publisher-author relationship: principles of good practice in scholarly journal publishing.&quot; Learned Publishing 12(2): 75-78. 
32 Frankel, Mark S. et al. (2000). &quot;Defining and Certifying Electronic Publication in Science: A Proposal to the
International Association of STM Publishers.&quot; Learned Publishing 13(4): 251-258. 
33 Gadd, E., Charles Oppenheim and Steve Probets (2003). &quot;RoMEO Studies 2: How academics want to protect their open-access research papers.&quot; Journal of Information Science [In Press] 
34 Gadd, E., Charles Oppenheim and Steve Probets (2003). &quot;RoMEO Studies 3: How academics expect to use open-access research papers.&quot; Submitted to Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 
35 Gadd, Elizabeth., Charles Oppenheim and Steve Probets. RoMEO Studies 1: The impact of copyright ownership on author self-archiving. Journal of Documentation 59(3), 243-277 
36 Zwolle Group. (2003). The Zwolle approach: balancing stakeholders&apos; interests in scholarship-friendly
copyright practices. Report of working conference on Copyright and Universities: from principles to practices,
Zwolle, 6 and 7 December 2002. URL: http://www.surf.nl/copyright/zwolle/2002dec/index.php.</referencetext>
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