Digital vs. traditional media journalists: sociodemographic characteristics, and external and internal threats to their autonomy

Berganza, Rosa and Arcila-Calderón, Carlos and Herrero-Jiménez, Beatriz Digital vs. traditional media journalists: sociodemographic characteristics, and external and internal threats to their autonomy. El profesional de la información, 2016, vol. 25, n. 2, pp. 179-187. [Journal article (Paginated)]

[img] Text (Research article)
04.pdf - Published version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.

Download (1MB)
[img] Text (Research article)
04_esp.pdf - Published version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.

Download (1MB)

English abstract

Born-digital media is influenced by many factors. This study compares the perceptions of digital and traditional (newspaper, radio, TV, news agencies, etc.) journalists and investigates their perception of threats to their professions. This paper shows data from a national survey (probabilistic, stratified by type of outlet and region) to 390 journalists in Spain between March 2014 and May 2015. Reporters were surveyed about their differing influences (political, economic, organizational, professional routines, and reference groups) in their jobs. Even where there are clear socio-demographic differences, data shows that, except for the influence of reference groups, all journalists hold similar perceptions. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed

Spanish abstract

Periodistas de medios digitales vs. medios tradicionales: características sociodemográficas y amenazas externas e internas a su autonomía. El surgimiento de medios digitales nativos y su consecuente exposición hacia diversas fuentes de influencia, hacen necesario conocer si la percepción de las y los nuevos periodistas sobre las posibles amenazas a su autonomía profesional difiere de la de sus compañeros/as de medios tradicionales (prensa, radio, TV, agencias, etc.). Este artículo muestra los datos de una encuesta nacional (representativa, estratificada por tipo de medio y comunidad autónoma) a 390 periodistas españoles entre marzo de 2014 y mayo de 2015, a quienes se les consultó sobre las influencias políticas, económicas, organizativas, de rutinas profesionales y de grupos de referencia, que perciben en su trabajo. A pesar de que existen claras diferencias sociodemográficas, los resultados muestran que, salvo en el caso de las influencias de los grupos de referencia, existe una percepción homogénea de los diferentes factores modelados entre ambos tipos de periodistas. Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas

Item type: Journal article (Paginated)
Keywords: Journalists; Journalistic routines; Online media; Traditional media; Professional autonomy; Perceived influences; Periodistas; Rutinas periodísticas; Medios digitales; Medios tradicionales; Autonomía profesional; Influencias percibidas.
Subjects: B. Information use and sociology of information > BJ. Communication
H. Information sources, supports, channels.
H. Information sources, supports, channels. > HI. Electronic Media.
Depositing user: Cristal Martínez Pousa
Date deposited: 15 Nov 2016 14:24
Last modified: 15 Nov 2016 14:24
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10760/30293

References

Agarwal, Sheetal D.; Barther, Michel L. (2015). “The friendly barbarians: Professional norms and work routines of online journalists in the United States”. Journalism, v. 16, n. 3, pp. 376-391.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884913511565

Altmeppen, Klaus-Dieter (2008). “The structure of news production: The organizational approach to journalism research”. In: Löffelholz, Martin; Weaver, David; Schwarz, Andreas (eds.). Global journalism research: Theories, methods, findings, future. New York: Blackwell, pp. 52-64. ISBN: 978 1 4051 5331 7

APM (2013). Informe anual de la profesión periodística 2013. Madrid: Asociación de la Prensa de Madrid.

http://www.apmadrid.es/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/informe_profesion_2013.pdf

Beam, Randal A. (1990). “Journalism professionalism as an organizational-level concept”. Journalism monographs, v. 121, pp. 1-43.

Becker, Lee B.; Vlad, Tudor (2009). “News organisations and routines”. In: Wahl-Jorgensen, Karin; Hanitzsch, Thomas (eds.). The handbook of journalism studies. New York & London: Routledge, pp. 59-72. ISBN: 978 0805863420

http://www.rasaneh.org/Images/News/AtachFile/30-9-1390/FILE634600594129473750.pdf

Benson, Rodney; Hallin, Daniel (2007). “How states, markets and globalization shape the news. The French and US National Press, 1965-97”. European journal of communication, v. 22, n. 1, pp. 27-48.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323107073746

Berganza, Rosa; Herrero, Beatriz; Carratalá, Adolfo (2016). “La (des)confianza de los periodistas españoles hacia las instituciones públicas a partir del estudio de factores organizacionales”. Anuario electrónico de estudios en comunicación social “Disertaciones”, v. 9, n. 1, pp. 24-43.

Bruno, Nicola; Nielsen, Rasmus-Kleis (2012). Survival is success. Journalistic online start-ups in Western Europe. Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. University of Oxford. ISBN: 9781907384080

https://goo.gl/jNizhW

Casero-Ripollés, Andreu; Cullell-March, Cristina (2013). “Periodismo emprendedor. Estrategias para incentivar el autoempleo periodístico como modelo de negocio”. Estudios sobre el mensaje periodístico, v. 19, pp. 681-690.

http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rev_ESMP.2013.v19.42151

Cohen, Jacob (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. ISBN: 9780805802832

Cronbach, Lee-Joseph (1951). “Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests”. Psychometrika, n. 16, pp. 297-334.

http://kttm.hoasen.edu.vn/sites/default/files/2011/12/22/cronbach_1951_coefficient_alpha.pdf

Czepek, Andrea; Hellwig, Melanie; Nowak, Eva (eds.) (2009). Press freedom and pluralism in Europe: Concepts and conditions. Bristol: Intellect. ISBN: 978 1841502434

Dahlgren, Peter (1996). “Media logic in cyberspace: Repositioning journalism and its publics”. Javnost-the public, v. 3, n. 3, pp. 59-72.

http://goo.gl/Q00DEZ

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13183222.1996.11008632

Deuze, Mark (2005). “What is journalism? Professional identity and ideology of journalists reconsidered”. Journalism, v. 6, n. 4, pp. 442-464.

https://goo.gl/ZCeHEj

http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884905056815

Díaz-Noci, Javier (2010). “Medios de comunicación en internet: algunas tendencias”. El profesional de la información, v. 19, n. 6, pp. 561-567.

http://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/EPI/article/view/epi.2010.nov.01

http://dx.doi.org/10.3145/epi.2010.nov.01

Díaz-Nosty, Bernardo (2011). Libro negro del periodismo en España. Madrid: Cátedra Unesco de Comunicación-Universidad de Málaga, Asociación de la Prensa de Madrid. ISBN: 9788487641473

http://www.apmadrid.es/images/stories/Libronegro1soloPDF_BAJA.pdf

Esser, Frank (1998). “Editorial structures and work in British and German newsroom”. European journal of communication, v. 13 n. 3, pp. 375-405.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323198013003004

Ettema, James S.; Whitney, D. Charley; Wackman, Daniel B. (1987). “Professional mass communicators”. In: Berger, Charles; Chaffee, Michael (eds.). Handbook of communication science. Beverley Hills, CA: SAGE, pp. 747-780. ISBN:0803921993

Flegel, Ruth C.; Chaffee, Steven H. (1971). “Influences of editors, readers, and personal influences on reporters”. Journalism & mass communication quarterly, v. 48, n. 4, pp. 645-51.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769907104800404

Guallar, Javier (2013). “Prensa digital en 2011-2012”. Anuario ThinkEPI, v. 7, pp. 194-199.

http://eprints.rclis.org/19934

Hair, Joseph; Anderson, Rolph; Tatham, Ronald; Black, William (1999). Análisis multivariante (5h Ed). Madrid: Prentice Hall International. ISBN: 978 8483220351

Hallin, Daniel C.; Mancini, Paolo (2004). Comparing media systems: Three models of media and politics. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 0521835350

Hanitzsch, Thomas; Anikina, Maria; Berganza, Rosa; Cangoz, Incilay; Coman, Mihai; Hamada, Basyouni; Hanusch, Folker; Karadjov, Christopher; Mellado, Claudia; Moreira, Sonia; Mwesige, Peter; Plaisance, Patrick-Lee; Reich, Zvi; Seethaler, Josef; Skewes, Elizabeth; Noor, Dani; Yuen, Kee-Wang (2010). “Modeling perceived influences on journalism: Evidence from a cross-national survey of journalists”. Journalism & mass communication quarterly, v. 87, n. 1, pp. 5-22.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769901008700101

Hanitzsch, Thomas; Mellado, Claudia (2011). “What shapes the news around the world? How journalists in eighteen countries perceive influences on their work”. International journal of press/politics, v. 16, n. 3, pp. 404-426.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940161211407334

Hayes, Andrew (2005). Statistical methods for communication science. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978 0805854879

Humanes, María-Luisa (1998). “La profesión periodística en España”. Zer, n. 4, pp. 265-278.

http://www.ehu.eus/zer/hemeroteca/pdfs/zer04-12-humanes.pdf

Humanes, María-Luisa; Martínez-Nicolás, Manuel; Saperas-Lapiedra, Enric (2013). “Political journalism in Spain. Practices, roles and attitudes”. Estudios sobre el mensaje periodistico, v. 19, n. 2, pp. 715-731.

http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rev_ESMP.2013.v19.n2.43467

Igartua, Juan-José (2006). Métodos cuantitativos de investigación en comunicación. Barcelona: Bosch. ISBN: 9788497902717

Kunelius, Risto (2007). “Good journalism”. Journalism studies, v. 7, n. 5, pp. 671-690.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616700600890323

Macía, Felipe (2010). “Validez de los tests y el análisis factorial: nociones generales”. Ciencia y trabajo, v. 12, n. 35, pp. 276-280.

http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3218921

Martínez-Gutiérrez, Fátima (2013). “El periodismo emprendedor en España: una alternativa para contextos de crisis”. En: Sabés-Turmo, Fernando; Verón-Lassa, José-Juan (coords). Comunicación y la Red. Nuevas formas de periodismo. Zaragoza: Asociación de Periodistas de Aragón, pp. 75-91. ISBN: 978 84 87175 49 7

http://decimocuarto.congresoperiodismo.com/pdf/libro2013.pdf

McManus, John H. (2009). “The commercialization of news”. In: Wahl-Jorgensen, Karin; Hanitzsch, Thomas (eds.). The handbook of journalism studies. New York: Routledge, pp. 218-233. ISBN: 978 0803863420

http://www.rasaneh.org/Images/News/AtachFile/30-9-1390/FILE634600594129473750.pdf

Mellado, Claudia; Humanes, María-Luisa (2012). “Modeling perceived professional autonomy in Chilean journalism”. Journalism, v. 13, n. 8, pp. 985-1003.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884912442294

Pérez-Gil, José; Chacón-Moscoso, Salvador; Moreno-Rodríguez, Rafael (2000). “Validez de constructo: el uso de análisis factorial exploratorio-confirmatorio para obtener evidencias de validez”. Psicothema, v. 12, n. 2, pp. 442-446

http://www.psicothema.com/pdf/601.pdf

Picard, Robert G.; Van-Weezel, Aldo (2008). “Capital and control: Consequences of different forms of newspaper ownership”. International journal on media management, v. 10, n. 1, pp. 22-31.

http://www.robertpicard.net/PDFFiles/capitalandcontrol.pdf

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14241270701820473

Plaisance, Patrick-Lee; Skewes, Elizabeth A.; Hanitzsch, Thomas (2012). “Ethical orientations of journalists around the globe: Implications from a cross-national survey”. Communication research, v. 39, n. 5, pp. 641-661.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093650212450584

Preston, Paschal (2009). Making the news: Journalism and news cultures in Europe. London: Routledge. ISBN: 9780415461887

Reich, Zvi; Hanitzsch, Thomas (2013). “Determinants of journalists’ professional autonomy: Individual and national level factors matter more than organizational ones”. Mass communication and society, v. 16, n. 1, pp. 133-156.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2012.669002

Relly, Jeannine E.; González-de-Bustamante, Celeste (2014). “Silencing Mexico: A study of influences on journalists in the Northern states”. International journal of press/politics, v. 19, n. 1, pp. 108-131.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940161213509285

Relly, Jeannine E.; Zanger, Margaret; Fahmy, Shahira (2015). “Democratic norms and forces of gatekeeping: A study of influences on Iraqui journalist’s attitude toward government information access”. Journalism and mass communication quarterly, v. 92, n. 2, pp. 346-373.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699015573195

Robinson, John P.; Shaver, Phillip R.; Wrightsman, Lawrence S. (1991). “Criteria for scale selection and evaluation”. In: J. Robinson, P. Shaver & L. Wrightsman (eds.) Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes. San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 1-16. ISBN: 978 0125902441

Roses, Sergio; Farias-Batlle, Pedro (2013). “Comparison between the professional roles of Spanish and U.S. journalists: Importance of the media system as the main predictor of the professional roles of a journalist”. Comunicación y sociedad, v. 26, n. 1, pp. 170-195.

http://dadun.unav.edu/bitstream/10171/35446/1/20130807134923.pdf

Shoemaker, Pamela J.; Reese, Stephen D. (1996). Mediating the message: Theories of influence on mass media content (2nd ed.). White Plains, NY: Longman. ISBN: 0 8013 1251 5

https://journalism.utexas.edu/sites/journalism.utexas.edu/files/attachments/reese/mediating-the-message.pdf

Singer, Jane B. (1998). “Online journalists: Foundations forresearch into their changing roles”. Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 4, n. 1.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.1998.tb00088.x

Singer, Jane B. (2007). “Contested autonomy: Professional and popular claims on journalistic norms”. Journalism studies, v. 8, n. 1, pp. 79-95.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616700601056866

Voakes, Paul S. (1997). “Social influences on journalists’ decision making in ethical situations”. Journal of mass media ethics, v. 12, n. 1, pp. 18-35.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327728jmme1201_2


Downloads

Downloads per month over past year

Actions (login required)

View Item View Item