Atıf Klasiklerinin Etkisinin ve İlgililik Sıralamalarının Pennant Diyagramları ile Analizi

Akbulut, Müge Atıf Klasiklerinin Etkisinin ve İlgililik Sıralamalarının Pennant Diyagramları ile Analizi., 2016 Master Thesis thesis, Hacettepe University. [Thesis]

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English abstract

Citation indexes are important authority resources for measuring the contribution of scientists and scientific publications to literature. Many studies in information retrieval are based on research aiming to develop retrieval algorithms. These studies tend to receive citations from different fields because of the interdisciplinary nature of information retrieval. Therefore, it is important to analyze the so-called “citation classics” retrospectively to find out their impact on other fields. Yet, it is not easy to do this using citation indexes, especially for relatively old papers, as traditional citation analysis tends not to reveal the full impact of a work on other studies at its time and periods that follow. In order to see the big picture it is important to study the contribution of these studies on other disciplines as well. In this study the impact of Maron and Kuhns’ citation classic on “probabilistic retrieval” published in 1960 has been visualized using pennant diagrams that were developed on the basis of relevance theory, information retrieval and bibliometrics. We hypothesized that “The interdisciplinary relations that are unobservable with traditional citation analysis can be revealed using the pennant diagrams method”. In order to test the hypothesis works that cited Maron and Kuhns’ study between the years of 1960 and 2015 have been downloaded with their references (a total of 4,176 unique works) and graphics have been prepared by the macros written in MS Excel. Of 4,176 works, 90 were selected using convenience sampling techniques to create static and interactive pennant diagrams for further analysis. Another important output of this study is the relevance rankings. As an alternative to the relevance rankings based on the similarity of references already used in citation indexes, relevance rankings have been created using the pennant diagrams that took into account not only items that cited the core (seed) paper but also citations to the items that cited the core paper. Relevance rankings based on the similarity of references and that of pennant diagrams have been compared. Findings support the hypothesis in that pennant diagrams provide information as to which papers that the core paper on probabilistic model influenced or got influenced from, directly or indirectly. Relevance ranking based on pennant diagrams revealed the impact of the core paper on information retrieval field as well as on other disciplines. Furthermore, it identified the relations between these somewhat disconnected fields, between authors, works, and journals that cannot be readily identified using traditional citation analysis. Relevance rankings using pennant diagrams seem to have been more successful than the relevance rankings based on references similarity. This study is the first such study in Turkey that uses pennant diagrams for relevance rankings. The data used in graphs and relevance rankings are available through citation indexes (the frequencies of total citations and co-citations). Thus, alternative relevance rankings based on pennant diagrams can be offered to users. Pennant diagrams can help researchers track the relevant literature more easily as well as identify how a core work influences other works in a specific field or in other fields.

Turkish abstract

Atıf dizinleri bilim insanlarının ve bilimsel çalışmaların literatüre olan katkılarının ölçümüne yönelik otorite kaynaklardır. Bilgi erişim literatüründeki birçok çalışma erişim algoritmalarının geliştirildiği araştırmalara dayanmaktadır. Bilgi erişim alanının disiplinlerarası yapısı dolayısı ile bu çalışmalara birçok farklı alandan atıflar yapılmaktadır. Bilgi erişim literatüründe “klasik” olarak nitelendirilen ve birçok alanı etkileyen çalışmaların özellikle geriye dönük olarak incelenmesi önemlidir. Fakat özellikle eski tarihli çalışmaların etkilerinin atıf dizinlerinde gözlenmesi kolay değildir. Geleneksel atıf analizi çalışmanın kendi dönemindeki ve daha sonraki dönemlerdeki çalışmalar üzerindeki etkilerini ortaya çıkarmak için yeterli değildir. Bu çalışmaların diğer disiplinlere etkileri ve alandaki yeni modellere katkılarının ortaya çıkarılması büyük resmi görebilmek açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışma kapsamında bilgi erişim literatüründe atıf klasiği haline gelmiş olan Maron ve Kuhns'un 1960 yılında yayımladıkları “olasılıksal erişim” ile ilgili çalışmanın literatürdeki etkisi ilgililik kuramı (relevance theory), bilgi erişim ve bibliyometriye dayanarak geliştirilen pennant diyagramları aracılığıyla görselleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla temel hipotezi “Geleneksel atıf analizi ile gözlenemeyen disiplinlerarası ilişkiler pennant diyagramları yöntemi ile ortaya çıkarılabilir” şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Hipotezi test etmek için Maron ve Kuhns’un çalışmasına 1960 ile 2015 yılları arasında atıf yapan çalışmalar (toplam 4176 tekil çalışma) kaynakça bilgileri ile birlikte indirilmiş ve MS Excel programında yazılan makrolar yardımıyla hesaplamalar yapılarak grafikler hazırlanmıştır. Bu çalışmalardan kolayda örneklem yöntemi ile seçilen 90 çalışma için etkileşimli ve statik pennant diyagramları oluşturulmuş ve bu diyagramlar ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bir diğer önemli çıktısı da ilgililik sıralamalarıdır. Atıf dizinlerinde halihazırda kullanılmakta olan kaynakça benzerliğine dayalı ilgililik sıralamasına alternatif olarak çekirdek makalenin kaynakçası dışında diğer araştırmacıların atıflarının da hesaplamaya dahil edildiği pennant diyagramı yöntemi ile ilgililik sıralaması oluşturulmuş ve bu sıralamalar birbirleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular hipotezleri destekler niteliktedir. Pennant diyagramları çekirdek makalede geçen olasılıksal modelin doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak hangi modelleri etkilediği ya da hangi modellerden etkilendiği hakkında bilgi vermektedir. Çekirdek makalenin bilgi erişim alanı ve diğer disiplinlere katkıları ve birbirinden kopuk gibi gözüken alanlar arasındaki ilişkiler ile yazar, çalışma ve dergiler arasında belirli olmayan ve geleneksel atıf analizi ile belirlenemeyen ilişkiler ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Pennant diyagramları yöntemi kullanılarak oluşturulan ilgililik sıralamaları kaynakça benzerliğine göre oluşturulan ilgililik sıralamasından daha başarılı bulunmuştur. Çalışma Türkiye literatüründe ilgililik sıralaması oluşturulması kapsamında pennant diyagramları yönteminin kullanıldığı ilk çalışmadır. Bunun dışında pennant diyagramlarının etkileşimli versiyonu da ilk kez bu çalışmada hazırlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında oluşturulan grafiklerde ve ilgililik sıralamalarında kullanılan veriler (toplam atıf ve ortak atıf sayıları) atıf dizinlerinde mevcuttur. Dolayısıyla atıf dizinlerinde kullanıcılara bu çalışmadakine benzer alternatif ilgililik sıralamaları sunulabilir. Pennant diyagramları hem araştırmacıların literatürü izlemelerini kolaylaştırılabilir hem de bir çalışmanın belli bir alanda ya da farklı alanlardaki çalışmaları nasıl etkilediği belirlenebilir.

Item type: Thesis (UNSPECIFIED)
Keywords: Information Retrieval, Bibliometrics, Pennant Diagrams, Relevance, Relevance Rankings, Impact, Tf*idf Weighting; Bilgi Erişim, Bibliyometri, Pennant Diyagramları, İlgililik, İlgililik Sıralamaları, Etki, Tf*idf Ağırlıklandırma
Subjects: A. Theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information. > AA. Library and information science as a field.
A. Theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information. > AC. Relationship of LIS with other fields .
B. Information use and sociology of information > BB. Bibliometric methods
Depositing user: Muge Akbulut
Date deposited: 15 Dec 2016 15:41
Last modified: 15 Dec 2016 15:41
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10760/30513

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