Active audiences and social discussion on the digital public sphere. Review article // Audiencias activas y discusión social en la esfera pública digital. Artículo de revisión

Masip, Pere, Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos and Suau, Jaume Active audiences and social discussion on the digital public sphere. Review article // Audiencias activas y discusión social en la esfera pública digital. Artículo de revisión. El profesional de la información, 2019, vol. 28, n. 2. [Journal article (Unpaginated)]

[thumbnail of Review article]
Preview
 Text (Review article)
Masip-Ruiz-Suau-English.pdf - Published version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.
Download (2MB) | Preview
[thumbnail of Review article]
Preview
 Text (Review article)
Masip-Ruiz-Suau-Espanol.pdf - Published version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.
Download (2MB) | Preview

English abstract

In little over a decade, essential concepts in research on communication have become zombie concepts (Beck & Willms, 2004) and are no longer effective for understanding the profound transformation that has taken place with the arrival of the internet. Public sphere, deliberation, audiences, public..., the academic literature has oscillated between an initial optimism about the potential for strengthening democracy of communication technologies to a critical scepticism. This text reviews the academic literature with regard to the forms of social deliberation adopted in the context of the media and social networks and its impact on the public sphere.

Spanish abstract

En poco más de una década, conceptos esenciales de la investigación sobre comunicación se han convertido en conceptos zombis (Beck; Willms, 2004) y no son eficaces para comprender la profunda transformación que se ha producido con la irrupción de internet. Esfera pública, deliberación, audiencias, público... La bibliografía académica ha oscilado entre un optimismo inicial sobre las posibilidades de fortalecimiento de la democracia de las tecnologías de la comunicación a un escepticismo crítico. Este texto revisa la bibliografía académica en relación a las formas de deliberación social adoptadas en el contexto de los medios de comunicación y de las redes sociales y su incidencia en la esfera pública.

Item type: Journal article (Unpaginated)
Keywords: Active audiences; Media; Deliberation; Digital public sphere; Participation; Comments; News sharing; Audiencias activas; Deliberación; Esfera pública digital; Participación; Comentarios; Compartición de noticias.
Subjects: B. Information use and sociology of information > BJ. Communication
H. Information sources, supports, channels. > HA. Periodicals, Newspapers.
H. Information sources, supports, channels. > HQ. Web pages.
H. Information sources, supports, channels. > HT. Web 2.0, Social networks
Depositing user: Tomàs Baiget
Date deposited: 24 Mar 2019 15:56
Last modified: 24 Mar 2019 15:56
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10760/34244

References

Aalberg, Toril; Blekesaune, Arild; Elvestad, Eiri (2013). “Media choice and informed democracy: Toward increasing news consumption gaps in Europe". The international journal of press/politics, v. 18, n. 3, pp. 281-303.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161213485990

Aalberg, Toril; Van-Aelst, Peter; Curran, James (2010). “Media systems and the political information environment: A cross-national comparison". The international journal of press/politics, v. 15, n. 3, pp. 255-271.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161210367422

Allcott, Hunt; Gentzkow, Matthew (2017). “Social media and fake news in the 2016 election”. Journal of economic perspectives, v. 31, n. 2, pp. 211-236.

https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.31.2.211

Almgren, Susanne M.; Olsson, Tobias (2015). “Let’s get them involved... to some extent: Analyzing online news participation". Social media + society, v. 1, n. 2, pp. 1-11.

https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115621934

Andersen, Jan-Christoffer; Sandberg, Sveinung (2018). “Islamic State propaganda: Between social movement framing and subcultural provocation". Terrorism and political violence, Online first.

https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2018.1484356

Anderson, Ashley A.; Brossard, Dominique E.; Scheufele, Dietram A. (2012). "Online talk: how exposure to disagreement in online comments affects beliefs in the promise of contro- versial science". In: L. J. Phillips; A. Carvalho; J. Doyle (eds.). Citizen voices: Performing public participation in science and environment communication. Bristol: Intellect, pp. 119-136. ISBN: 978 1 841506210

Anderson, Ashley A.; Brossard, Dominique; Scheufele, Dietram A.; Xenos, Michael A.; Ladwig, Peter (2014). “The ‘Nasty effect:’ Online incivility and risk perceptions of emerging technologies". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 19, n. 3, pp. 373-387.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12009

Anderson, Monica; Caumont, Andrea (2014). How social media is reshaping news. Pew Research Center.

http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/09/24/how-social-media-is-reshaping-news

Anduiza, Eva; Cantijoch, Marta; Gallego, Aina (2009). “Political participation and the Internet". Information, communication and society, v. 12, n. 6, pp. 860-878.

https://doi.org/10.1080/13691180802282720

Anduiza, Eva; Jensen, Michael; Jorba, Laia (2012). Digital media and political engagement around the world: A comparative analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 1 107668492

Anduiza, Eva; Cristancho, Camilo; Sabucedo, José M. (2014). "Mobilization through online social networks: the political protest of the indignados in Spain". Information, communication and society, v. 17, n. 6, pp. 750-764.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.808360

Baden, Christian; Springer, Nina (2014). “Com(ple)menting the news on the financial crisis: The contribution of news users’ commentary to the diversity of viewpoints in the public debate". European journal of communication, v. 29, n. 5, pp. 529-548.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323114538724

Bakker, Piet; Pantti, Mervi (2009). "Beyond news: user-generated content on Dutch media websites". In: Future of journalism conference. Cardiff, Wales, 9-10 September.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229016844_Beyond_News_User-generated_content_on_Dutch_media_websites

Bakker, Piet (2014). “Mr. Gates returns: Curation, community management and other new roles for journalists". Journalism studies, v. 15, n. 5, pp. 596-606.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.901783

Bakshy, Eytan; Rosenn, Itamar; Marlow, Cameron; Adamic, Lada-Ariana (2012). “The role of social networks in information diffusion". In: Procs of the 21st intl conf on world wide web.

https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2187907

Bakshy, Eytan; Messing, Solomon; Adamic, Lada-Ariana (2015). “Exposure to ideologically diverse news and opinion on Facebook". Science, v. 348, n. 6239, pp. 1130-1132.

https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa1160

Banaji, Shakuntala; Buckingham, David (2013). The civic web: Young people, the internet, and civic participation. Cambridge, The MIT Press. ISBN: 978 0 262 01964 4

Bandari, Roja; Asur, Sitaram; Huberman, Bernardo A. (2012). “The pulse of news in social media: Forecasting popularity". In: Procs of the Sixth intl AAAI conf on weblogs and social media.

https://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/ICWSM/ICWSM12/paper/viewFile/4646/4963

Barber, Benjamin R. (1984). Strong democracy: Participatory politics for a new age. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN: 978 0 520 05616 7

Barberá, Pablo; Jost, John T.; Nagler, Jonathan; Tucker, Joshua A.; Bonneau, Richard (2015). “Tweeting from left to right: Is online political communication more than an echo chamber?”. Psychological science, v. 26, n. 10, pp. 1531-1542.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797615594620

Barnes, Renee (2018). Uncovering online. Commenting online: Trolls, fanboys and lurkers. Cham, SW: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN: 978 3 319 70234 6

Barnes, Renee (2013). “The ‘ecology of participation’. A study of audience engagement on alternative journalism websites”. Digital journalism, v. 2, n. 4, pp. 542-557.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2013.859863

Batorski, Dominik; Grzywińska, Ilona (2018). "Three dimensions of the public sphere on Facebook". Information, communication and society, v. 21, n. 3, pp. 356-374.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1281329

Bauman, Zygmund (2000). Liquid modernity. Cambridge: Polity Press. ISBN: 978 0 745624105

Bauman, Zygmund (2005). Liquid life. Cambridge: Polity Press. ISBN: 978 0 745635156

Bechmann, Anja; Nielbo, Kristoffer L. (2018). “Are we exposed to the same ‘news’ in the news feed?: An empirical analysis of filter bubbles as information similarity for Danish Facebook users". Digital journalism, v. 6, n. 8, pp. 990-1002.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2018.1510741

Beck, Ulrich; Willms, Johannes (2004). Conversations with Ulrich Beck. Cambridge: Polity Press. ISBN: 978 0 745628233

Benkler, Yochai (2006). The wealth of networks: How social production transforms markets and freedom. New Haven: Yale UP. ISBN: 978 0 300 11056 2

http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks.pdf

Benkler, Yochai; Roberts, Hal; Faris, Robert; Solow-Niederman, Alicia; Etling, Bruce (2015). “Social mobilization and the networked public sphere: Mapping the SOPA-PIPA debate”. Political communication, v. 32, n. 4, pp. 594-624.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2014.986349

Bennett, W. Lance (2008). Civic life online: Learning how digital media can engage youth. Cambridge MA: MIT Press. ISBN: 978 0 262026345

Bennett, W. Lance; Segerberg, Alexandra (2013). The logic of connective action: Digital media and the personalization of contentious politics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 1 107642720

Bennett, W. Lance; Iyengar, Shanto (2008). "A new era of minimal effects? The changing foundations of political communication". Journal of communication, v. 58, pp. 707-731.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.00410.x

Berger, Jonah; Milkman, Katherine L. (2012). “What makes online content viral?” Journal of marketing research, v. 49, n. 2, pp. 192-205.

https://doi.org/10.1509/jmr.10.0353

Bergström, Annika; Wadbring, Ingela (2015). “Beneficial yet crappy: Journalists and audiences on obstacles and opportunities in reader comments". European journal of communication, v. 30, n. 2, pp. 137-151.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323114559378

Bergström, Annika (2008). “The reluctant audience: Online participation in the Swedish journalistic context". Westminster papers in communication and culture, v. 5, n. 2, pp. 60-79.

http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.475.3657&rep=rep1&type=pdf

Best, Samuel J.; Krueger, Brian S. (2005). “Analyzing the representativeness of internet political participation". Political behavior, v. 27, n. 2, pp. 183-216.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-005-3242-y

Boczkowski, Pablo J.; Mitchelstein, Eugenia (2012). “How users take advantage of different forms of interactivity on online news sites: Clicking, e-mailing, and commenting". Human communication research, v. 38, n. 1, pp. 1-22.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2011.01418.x

Boczkowski, Pablo J.; Mitchelstein, Eugenia; Matassi, Mora (2018). “News comes across when I’m in a moment of leisure: Understanding the practices of incidental news consumption on social media". New media and society, v. 20, n. 10, pp. 3523-3539.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817750396

Borger, Merel; Van-Hoof, Anita; Costera-Meijer, Irene; Sanders, José (2013). “Constructing participatory journalism as a scholarly object: A genealogical analysis". Digital journalism, v. 1, n. 1, pp. 117-134.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2012.740267

Boulianne, Shelley (2015). “Social media use and participation: A meta-analysis of current research". Information, communication and society, v. 18, n. 5, pp. 524-538.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2015.1008542

Bourdieu, Pierre (1998). On television and journalism. London: Pluto Press. ISBN: 978 0 745313337

Boxell, Levi; Gentzkow, Matthew; Shapiro, Jesse M. (2017). “Is the Internet causing political polarization? Evidence from demographics". NBER Working paper No. W23258.

https://www.nber.org/papers/w23258.pdf

Boyd, Danah (2007). "Why youth (heart) social network sites: The role of networked publics in teenage social life". In: D. Buckingham (ed.). Macarthur Foundation series on digital learning - Youth, identity, and digital media. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 1-26. ISBN: 978 0 262524834

Boyd, Danah; Ellison, Nicole B. (2007). "Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 13, n. 1, pp. 210-230.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x

Boyd, Danah; Golder, Scott; Lotan, Gilad (2010). “Tweet, tweet, retweet: conversational aspects of retweeting on Twitter". In: HICSS-43. IEEE: Kauai, HI, January 6.

https://www.danah.org/papers/TweetTweetRetweet.pdf

Brenne, Sarah (2016). "Political discussion on social media and the public sphere". Sociology and anthropology, v. 4, n. 4, pp. 270-275.

https://doi.org/10.13189/sa.2016.040410

Bright, Jonathan (2016). “The social news gap: How news reading and news sharing diverge". Journal of communication, v. 66, n. 3, pp. 343-65.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12232

Broersma, Marcel; Graham, Todd (2013). "Twitter as a news source". Journalism practice, v. 7, n. 4, pp. 446-464.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2013.802481

https://www.rug.nl/research/portal/files/12824342/Broersma_and_Graham_2013.pdf

Brooks, Deborah-Jordan; Geer, John G. (2007). “Beyond negativity: The effects of incivility on the electorate". American journal of political science, v. 51, n. 1, pp. 1-16.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2007.00233.x

Brundidge, Jennifer (2010). “Encountering ‘difference’ in the contemporary public sphere: The contribution of the internet to the heterogeneity of political discussion networks". Journal of communication, v. 60, n. 4, pp. 680-700.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2010.01509.x

Bruns, Axel; Highfield, Tim (2016). “Is Habermas on Twitter? Social media and de public Sphere”. In: Bruns, Axel et al. (eds.). The Routledge companion to social media and politics. New York: Routledge, pp. 56-73. ISBN: 978 1 138300934

https://eprints.qut.edu.au/91810

Bruns, Axel; Highfield, Tim (2015). “From news blogs to news on Twitter: Gatewatching and collaborative news curation". In: Coleman, Stephen; Freelon, Deen. Handbook of digital politics. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 325-339. ISBN: 978 1 78643 563 7

https://eprints.qut.edu.au/84995

Bruns, Axel (2008a). “Life beyond the public sphere: Towards a networked model for political deliberation". Information polity, v. 13, n. 1-2, pp. 65-79.

https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1412691

Bruns, Axel (2008b). Blogs, Wikipedia, Second Life, and beyond: From production to produsage. New York: Peter Lang. ISBN: 978 0 820488660

Bruns, Axel (2018). Gatewatching and news curation: Journalism, social media, and the public sphere. New York: Peter Lang. ISBN: 978 1 4331 3320 6

https://goo.gl/k8hqPN

Bruns, Axel; Highfield, Tim, Burgess; Jean (2013). “The Arab Spring and social media audiences: English and Arabic Twitter users and their networks”. American behavioral scientist, v. 57, n. 7, pp. 871-898.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764213479374

Butsch, Richard (2008). The citizen audience. crowds, publics, and individuals. London: Routledge. ISBN: 978 0 415977890

Calhoun, Craig (1992). “Introduction: Habermas and the public sphere”. In: Calhoun, C. (ed.). Habermas and the public sphere. Cambridge: The MIT Press, pp. 1-44. ISBN: 978 0 262531146

Camaj, Lindita; Santana, Arthur D. (2015). “Political deliberation on Facebook during electoral campaigns: Exploring the relevance of moderator’s technical role and political ideology”. Journal of information technology and politics, v. 12, v. 4, pp. 325-341.

https://doi.org/10.1080/19331681.2015.1100224

Canter, Lily (2013). “The misconception of online comment threads: Content and control on local newspaper websites". Journalism practice, v. 7, n. 5, pp. 604-619.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2012.740172

Cappella, Joseph N.; Jamieson, Kathleen-Hall (1997). Spiral of cynicism: The press and the public good. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978 0 195090642

Castells, Manuel (2009). Communication power. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:

978 0 199595693

Chadwick, Andrew (2013). The hybrid media system: Politics and power. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978 0 199759477

Chen, Gina-Masullo; Lu, Shuning (2017). “Online political discourse: Exploring differences in effects of civil and uncivil disagreement in news website comments". Journal of broadcasting & electronic media, v. 61, n. 1, pp. 108-125.

https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2016.1273922

Cherubini, Federica; Nielsen, Rasmus-Kleis (2016). Editorial analytics: How news media are developing and using audience data and metrics. Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism.

https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/our-research/editorial-analytics-how-news-media-are-developing-and-using-audience-data-and-metrics

Choi, Jihyang (2016). “News internalizing and externalizing: The dimensions of news sharing on online social networking sites sharing news on social networking sites”. Journalism & mass communication quarterly, v. 93, n. 4, pp. 816-835.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699016628812

Clark, Jessica; Aufderheide, Patricia (2009). Public media 2.0: Dynamic, engaged publics. Center for Media and Social Media.

http://cmsimpact.org/sites/default/files/documents/pages/publicmedia2.0.pdf

Coddington, Mark; Holton, Avery E. (2014). “When the gates swing open: Examining network gatekeeping in a social media setting". Mass communication and society, v. 17, n. 2, pp. 236-257.

https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2013.779717

Coe, Kevin; Kenski, Kate; Rains, Stephen A. (2014). “Online and uncivil? Patterns and determinants of incivility in newspaper website comments". Journal of communication, v. 64, n. 4, pp. 658-679.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12104

Cooke, Nicole A. (2018). Fake news and alternative facts: Information literacy in a post-truth era. Chicago: ALA Editions. ISBN: 978 0 838916360

Correa, Teresa; Hinsley, Amber-Willard; Gil de Zúñiga, Homero (2010). "Who interacts on the web?: The intersection of users’ personality and social media use". Computers in human behavior, v. 26, n. 2, pp. 247-253.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2009.09.003

Couldry, Nick; Livingstone, Sonia; Markham, Tim (2007). Media consumption and public engagement. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN: 978 0 230 80082 3

Couldry, Nick (2003). Media rituals: A critical approach. London: Routledge. ISBN: 978 1 134490172

Cunningham, Stuart (2001). “Popular media as public ‘sphericules’ for diasporic communities". International journal of cultural studies, v. 4, n. 2, pp. 131-147.

https://doi.org/10.1177/136787790100400201

Curran, James (2011a). Media and democracy. Communication and society. London, England: Routledge. ISBN: 978 0 415317078

Curran, James (2011b). Media and society. London, England: Bloomsbury. ISBN: 978 0 340984451

Curran, James; Fenton, Natalie; Freedman, Des (2012). Misunderstanding the Internet. New York: Routledge. ISBN: 978 0 415 57958 2

https://courses.helsinki.fi/sites/default/files/course-material/4511752/CURRAN%20ET%20AL_Misunderstanding%20the%20internet.pdf

Dahlberg, Lincoln (2005). “The Habermasian public sphere: A specification of the idealized conditions of democratic communication”. Studies in social and political thought, n. 10, pp. 2-18.

https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=10-1a.pdf&site=412

Dahlberg, Lincoln (2011). "Re-constructing digital democracy: An outline of four 'positions'". New media & society, v. 13, n. 6, pp. 855-872.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444810389569

Dahlgren, Peter (2000a). "The Internet and the democratization of civic culture". Political communication, n. 17, pp. 335-340.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10584600050178933

Dahlgren, Peter (2000b). "Media, citizens and civic culture". In: M. Gurevitch; J. Curran (eds.). Mass media and society, 3rd ed. London: Edward Arnold, pp. 310-328. ISBN: 978 0 340884997

Dahlgren, Peter (2003). "Reconfiguring civic culture in the new media milieu". In: J. Comer; D. Pels (eds.). Media and political style: Essays on representation and civic culture. London: Sage, pp. 151-170.

Dahlgren, Peter (2005). “The Internet, public spheres, and political communication: Dispersion and deliberation". Political communication, n. 22, pp. 147-162.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10584600590933160

Dahlgren, Peter (2007). “Youth, civic engagement and learning via new media". In: Peter Dahlgren (ed.). Young citizens and new media: Learning for democratic participation. New York: Routledge, pp. 1-18. ISBN: 978 0 415395991

Dahlgren, Peter (2009). Media and political engagement: Citizens, communication, and democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. ISBN: 978 0 521 52789 7

Dahlgren, Peter (2013). The political web. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN: 978 1 137326379

Dalton, Russell J. (1996). Citizen politics: Public opinion and political parties in advanced Western democracies. Chatham: Sage.

Davenport, Thomas; Beck, John C. (2001). The attention economy: Understanding the new economy of business. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Review Press. ISBN: 978 1 578518715

Del Vicario, Michela; Bessi, Alessandro; Zollo, Fabiana; Petroni, Fabio; Scala, Antonio; Caldarelli, Guido; Stanley, H. Eugene; Quattrociocchi, Walter (2016). “The spreading of misinformation online”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 113, n. 3, pp. 554-559.

https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1517441113

Deuze, Mark; Bruns, Axel; Neuberger, Christoph (2007). “Preparing for an age of participatory news". Journalism practice, v. 1, n. 3, pp. 322-338.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512780701504864

Deuze, Mark (2001). "Understanding the impact of the Internet. On new media professionalism, mindsets and buzzwords". Ejournalism. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254750080_Understanding_the_impact_of_the_Internet_On_new_media_professionalism_mindsets_and_buzzwords

Dewey, John (1946). The public and its problems. An essay in political inquiry. Chicago: Gateway Books. ISBN: 978 0 804011662

Diamond, Larry-Jay; Plattner, Marc F. (2012). Liberation technology: Social media and the struggle for democracy. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN: 978 1 4214 0568 1

https://hci.stanford.edu/courses/cs047n/readings/diamond-libtech.pdf

Dimitrova, Daniela V.; Shehata, Adam; Strömbäck, Jesper; Nord, Lars W. (2011). “The effects of digital media on political knowledge and participation in election campaigns: Evidence from panel data". Communication research, v. 41, n. 1, pp. 95-118.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650211426004

Domingo, David; Quandt, Thorsten; Heinonen, Ari; Paulussen, Steve; Singer, Jane B.; Vujnovic, Marina (2008). “Participatory journalism practices in the media and beyond. An international comparative study of initiatives in online newspapers". Journalism practice, v. 2, n. 3, pp. 326-342.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512780802281065

Dubois, Elizabeth; Blank, Grant (2018). “The echo chamber is overstated: The moderating effect of political interest in diverse media". Information communication and society, v. 21, n. 5, pp. 729-745.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2018.1428656

Dvir-Gvirsman, Shira (2017). "Media audience homophily: Partisan websites, audience identity and polarization processes". New media & society, v. 19, n. 7, pp. 1072-1091.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444815625945

Edstrom, Maria (2016) “The trolls disappear in the light: Swedish experiences of mediated sexualised hate speech in the aftermath of Behring Breivik". International journal for crime, justice and social democracy, v. 5, n. 2, pp. 96-106.

https://doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v5i2.314

Eltantawy, Nahed; Wiest, Julie B. (2011). “The Arab Spring| social media in the Egyptian Revolution: Reconsidering resource mobilization theory”. International journal of communication, v. 5, pp. 1207-1224.

http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1242

Engesser, Sven; Humprecht, Edda (2015). “Frequency or skillfulness". Journalism studies, v. 16, n. 4, pp. 513-529.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.939849

Enjolras, Bernard; Steen-Johnsen, Kari; Wollebaek, Dag (2013). “Social media and mobilization to offline demonstrations: Transcending participatory divides?”. New media & society, v. 15, n. 6, pp. 890-908.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444812462844

Esser, Frank; De-Vreese, Claes H. (2007). “Comparing young voters’ political engagement in the United States and Europe". American behavioral scientist, v. 50, n. 9, pp. 1195-1213.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764207299364

European Commission (2018). Final report of the High Level Expert Group on fake news and online disinformation. A multi-dimensional approach to disinformation.

https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/final-report-high-level-expert-group-fake-news-and-online-disinformation

Fahmy, Nagwa-Abdel-Salam (2012). “News diffusion and facilitation of conversation” Journal of Middle East Media, v. 8, n. 1, pp. 1-21.

http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/90596188/news-diffusion-facilitation-conversation

Fisher, Caroline (2017). "Bypassing the news media: Politicians and public regaining control". Reuters Institute Digital News Report, Ireland, pp. 98-100.

Fisher, Caroline; Culloty, Eileen; Lee, Jee-Young; Park, Sora (2019). "Regaining Control Citizens who follow politicians on social media and their perceptions of journalism". Digital journalism, Online first.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2018.1519375

Flaxman, Seth; Goel, Sharad; Rao, Justin M. (2016). "Filter bubbles, echo chambers, and online news consumption". Public opinion quarterly, v. 80, n. S1, pp. 298-320.

https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfw006

Fletcher, Richard; Nielsen, Rasmus Kleis (2018). “Are people incidentally exposed to news on social media? A comparative analysis". New media and society, v. 20, n. 7, pp. 2450-2468.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817724170

Foucault, Michel (1977). Discipline & punish: The birth of the prison. New York: Random House. ISBN: 978 0 679752554

Frankel, Mark (2018). The promises and pitfalls of reporting within chat apps and other semi-open platforms: A journalist’s guide.

http://www.niemanlab.org/2018/07/a-journalists-guide-to-the-promises-and-pitfalls-of-reporting-within-open-and-closed-and-semi-open-platforms

Fraser, Nancy (1992). "Rethinking the public sphere: A contribution to the critique of actually existing democracy". In: C. Calhoun (ed.). Habermas and the public sphere. Cambridge MA: MIT Press, pp. 109-142. ISBN: 978 0 262531146

Galston, William (2002). "The impact of the Internet on civic life: An early assessment". In: E. Kamarck; J. Nye (eds.). Governance.com: Democracy in the information age. Washington, DC: Brookings, pp. 40-58. ISBN: 978 0 815702177

Galston, William (2003). "If political fragmentation is the problem, is the Intemet the solution?". In: D. M. Anderson; M. Cornfield (eds.). The civic web: Online politics and democratic values. Lanham, MD: Rowman; Littlefield, pp. 35-44. ISBN: 978 0 742501942

García-Perdomo, Víctor; Salaverría, Ramón; Kilgo, Danielle K.; Harlow, Summer (2018). “To share or not to share: The influence of news values and topics on popular social media content in the United States, Brazil, and Argentina”. Journalism studies, v. 19, n. 8, pp. 1180-1201.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1265896

Garrett, R. Kelly (2009). "Politically motivated reinforcement seeking: Reframing the selective exposure debate". Journal of communication, v. 59, n. 4, pp. 676-699.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01452.x

Giddens, Anthony (1991). Modernity and self-identity: self and society in the late modern age. Cambridge: Polity Press. ISBN: 978 0 804719445

Gil de Zúñiga, Homero; Copeland, Lauren; Bimber, Bruce (2013). “Political consumerism: Civic engagement and the social media connection”. New media & society, v. 16, n. 3, pp. 488-506.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813487960

Gil de Zúñiga, Homero; Weeks, Brian; Ardèvol-Abreu, Alberto (2017). “Effects of the news-finds-me perception in communication: Social media use implications for news seeking and learning about politics". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 22, n. 3, pp. 105-123.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12185

https://goo.gl/Tqss4Q

Gillmor, Dan (2004). We the media: Grassroots journalism, by the people, for the people. Sebastopol: O’Reilly.

https://goo.gl/HGo79e

Gitlin, Todd (1998). “Public sphere or public sphericules?”. In: T. Liebes and J. Curran (eds.). Media, ritual and identity. London: Routledge, pp. 175-202. ISBN: 978 0 415159913

Gladwell, Malcolm (2010). “Small change". The New Yorker. October, 4.

https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/10/04/small-change-malcolm-gladwell

Goh, Debbie; Ling, Richard; Huang, Liuyu; Liew, Doris (2017). “News sharing as reciprocal exchanges in social cohesion maintenance”. Information communication and society. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1406973

Goldhaber, Michael H. (1997). "The attention economy and the Net". First Monday, v. 2, n. 4.

https://firstmonday.org/article/view/519/440

Gonçalves, João (2018). “Aggression in news comments: How context and article topic shape user-generated content". Journal of applied communication research, v. 46, n. 5, pp. 604-620.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00909882.2018.1529419

Gray, Mark; Caul, Miki (2000). “Declining voter turnout in advanced industrial democracies, 1950 to 1997: The effects of declining group mobilization". Comparative political studies, v. 33, n. 9, pp. 1091-1122.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414000033009001

Groshek, Jacob; Koc-Michalska, Karolina (2017). “Helping populism win? Social media use, filter bubbles, and support for populist presidential candidates in the 2016 US election campaign". Information, communication and society, v. 20, n. 9, pp. 1389-1407.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1329334

Gsell, Lindsay (2009). “Comments anonymous: Newspaper web sites wrestle with offensive blog comments". American journalism review, v. 31, n. 1, 16 pp.

http://www.ajr.org/article_printable.asp?id=4681

http://go.galegroup.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA194529311

Guallar, Javier; Suau, Jaume; Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos; Sáez, Albert; Masip, Pere (2016). “Re-dissemination of news and public debate on social networks”. El profesional de la información, v. 25, n. 3, pp. 358-366.

https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2016.may.05

Habermas, Jürgen (1984). The theory of communicative action. Vol. 1. Reason and the rationalization of society. Boston: Beacon Press. ISBN: 0 8070 1507 5

http://www.dphu.org/uploads/attachements/books/books_2795_0.pdf

Habermas, Jürgen (1987). The theory of communicative action. Vol. 2. Lifeworld and system: A critique of functionalist reason. Boston: Beacon Press. ISBN: 978 0 807014011

https://uniteyouthdublin.files.wordpress.com/2015/01/4421-the_theory_of_communicative.pdf

Habermas, Jürgen (1989). The structural transformation of the public sphere: An inquiry into a category of bourgeois society. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. ISBN: 978 0 262 08180 1

https://pages.uoregon.edu/koopman/courses_readings/phil123-net/publicness/habermas_structural_trans_pub_sphere.pdf

Habermas, Jürgen (1998). Conciencia moral y acción comunicativa. Barcelona: Península, 1998. ISBN: 978 84 74324488

Habermas, Jürgen (2003). La ética del discurso y la cuestión de la verdad. Barcelona: Paidós. ISBN: 978 84 49314483

Habermas, Jürgen (2006). "Political communication in media society: Does democracy still enjoy an epistemic dimension? The impact of normative theory on empirical research". Communication theory, v. 16, n. 4, pp. 411-426.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2006.00280.x

Haciyakupoglu, Gulizar; Zhang, Weiyu (2015). “Social media and trust during the Gezi protests in Turkey”. Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 20, n. 4, pp. 450-466.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12121

Haim, Mario; Graefe, Andreas; Brosius, Hans-Bernd (2018). “Burst of the filter bubble?: Effects of personalization on the diversity of Google News". Digital journalism, v. 6, n. 3, pp. 330-343.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2017.1338145

Haines, Russell; Hough, Jill; Cao, Lan; Haines, Douglas (2014). "Anonymity in computer-‐mediated communication: More contrarian ideas with less influence". Group decision and negotiation, v. 23, n. 4, pp. 765-786.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10726-012-9318-2

Hall, Peter A. (2002). “Great Britain: The role of Government and the distribution of social capital". In: Putnam, Robert D. (ed.) Democracies in flux: The evolution of social capital in contemporary society. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 21-57. ISBN: 978 0 195150896

https://doi.org/10.1093/0195150899.001.0001

Hanson, Gary; Haridakis, Paul (2008). “YouTube users watching and sharing the news: A uses and gratifications approach". The journal of electronic publishing, v. 11, n. 3.

http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/3336451.0011.305

Hartley, John; Green, Joshua (2006). “The public sphere on the beach". European journal of cultural studies, v. 9, n. 3, pp. 341-362.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549406066077

Heimbach, Irina; Schiller, Benjamin; Strufe, Thorsten; Hinz, Oliver (2015). “Content virality on online social networks: empirical evidence from Twitter, Facebook, and Google+ on German news websites". In: Proceedings of the 26th ACM Conf on hypertext & social media. ISBN:

https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2791032

Heinbach, Dominique; Ziegele, Marc; Quiring, Oliver (2018). "Sleeper effect from below: Long-term effects of source credibility and user comments on the persuasiveness of news media". New media & society, v. 20, n. 12, pp. 4765-4786.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444818784472

Hermida, Alfred (2010). “Twittering the news - The emergence of ambient journalism". Journalism practice, v. 4, n. 3, pp. 297-308.

https://www.jour.auth.gr/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Hermida.pdf

Hermida, Alfred (2013). “#Journalism: Reconfiguring journalism research about Twitter, one tweet at a time". Digital journalism, v. 1, n. 3, pp. 295-313.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2013.808456

Hermida, Alfred; Fletcher, Fred; Korell, Darryl; Logan, Donna (2012). “Share, like, recommend". Journalism studies, v. 13, n. 5-6, pp. 815-824.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2012.664430

Hermida, Alfred; Lewis, Seth C.; Zamith, Rodrigo (2014). “Sourcing the Arab Spring: A case study of Andy Carvin’s sources on Twitter during the Tunisian and Egyptian revolutions". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 19, n. 3, pp. 479-499.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12074

Hermida, Alfred; Thurman, Neil (2008). “A clash of cultures. The integration of user-generated content within professional journalistic frameworks at British newspaper websites". Journalism practice, v. 2, n. 3, pp. 343-356.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512780802054538

Herrera-Damas, Susana; Hermida, Alfred (2014). "Tweeting but not talking: The missing element in talk radio's institutional use of Twitter". Journal of broadcasting & electronic media, v. 58, n. 4, pp. 481-500.

https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2014.966361

Himelboim, Itai; McCreery, Stephen; Smith, Marc (2013). "Birds of a feather tweet together: Integrating network and content analyses to examine cross-ideology exposure on twitter". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 18, n. 2, pp. 40-60.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12001

Holbert, R. Lance; Garrett, R. Kelly; Gleason, Laurel S. (2010). "A new era of minimal effects? A response to Bennett and Iyengar". Journal of communication, v. 60, n. 1, pp. 15-34.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01470.x

https://rkellygarrett.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Holbert-et-al.-New-era-of-minimal-effects.pdf

Holton, Avery; Baek, Kang; Coddington, Mark; Yaschur, Carolyn (2014). “Seeking and sharing: Motivations for linking on Twitter". Communication research reports, n. 31, pp. 33-40.

https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2013.843165

Hsueh, Mark; Yogeeswaran, Kumar; Malinen, Sanna (2015). “Leave your comment below’: Can biased online comments influence our own prejudicial attitudes and behaviors?” Human communication research, v. 41, n. 4, pp. 557-576.

https://doi.org/10.1111/hcre.12059

Hu, Mengdie; Liu, Shixia; Wei, Furu; Wu, Yingcai; Stasko, John; Ma, Kwan-Liu (2012). “Breaking news on Twitter". In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems.

https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2208672

Humanes, María-Luisa (2016). “Exposición selectiva, partidismo y polarización de las audiencias de los medios en España". In: Casero, Andreu (coord.). Periodismo y democracia en el entorno digital. Madrid: SEP, pp. 37-52. ISBN: 978 84 606 6945 6

http://www.periodistica.es/sep2016r/images/pdf/Periodismo-y-Democracia.pdf

Hwang, Hyunseo; Kim, Youngju; Kim, Yeojin (2018). “Influence of discussion incivility on deliberation: An examination of the mediating role of moral indignation". Communication research, v. 45, n. 2, pp. 213-240.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650215616861

Ihlebaek, Karoline-Andrea; Krumsvik, Arne H. (2015). “Editorial power and public participation in online newspapers". Journalism, v. 16, n. 4, pp. 470-487.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884913520200

Inglehart, Ronald (1997). Modernization and postmodernization: Cultural, economic and political change in 43 Societies. Princeton: Princeton University. ISBN: 978 0 691011806

Iyengar, Shanto; Hahn, Kyu S. (2009). "Red media, blue media: Evidence of ideological selectivity in media use". Journal of communication, v. 59, n. 1, pp. 19-39.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.01402.x

Jeffries, Stuart (2016). Grand Hotel Abyss. The lives of the Frankfurt School. London-New York: Verso Books. ISBN: 978 1 784785680

Jenkins, Henry; Ford, Sam; Green, Joshua (2013). Spreadable media. New York: New York University Press. ISBN: 978 0 814743508

Jensen, J. Linaa (2006). “The Minnesota e-democracy project: Mobilising the mobilised?”. In: Oates, S.; Owen, D.; Gibson, R. (eds.). The Internet and politics. Citizens, voters and activists. London: Routledge, pp. 39-58. ISBN: 978 0 415347846

Kalogeropoulos, Antonis; Negredo, Samuel; Picone, Ike; Nielsen, Rasmus-Kleis (2017). “Who shares and comments on news?: A cross-national comparative analysis of online and social media participation". Social media + society, v. 3, n. 4, pp. 1-12.

https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305117735754

Kalsnes, Bente; Larsson, Anders-Olof (2018). “Understanding news sharing across social media". Journalism studies, v. 19, n. 11, pp. 1669-1688.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2017.1297686

Karpowitz, Christopher F.; Raphael, Chad (2014). "Introduction". Deliberation, democracy, and civic forums: Improving equality and publicity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 1 107 04643 6

Keane, John (1991). The media and democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press. ISBN: 978 0 745608044

Khaldarova, Irina; Pantti, Mervi (2016). “Fake news. The narrative battle over the Ukrainian conflict". Journalism practice, v. 10, n. 7, pp. 891-901.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2016.1163237

Kim, Hyun-Suk (2015). “Attracting views and going viral: How message features and newssharing channels affect health news diffusion". Journal of communication, v. 65, n. 3, pp. 512-534.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12160

Kim, Min-Gyu; Kim, Joohan (2012). “Comparing the effects of newspaper, TV news, and the internet news on the evaluation of a major political candidate: Latent growth modeling with longitudinal panel data from the 2007 presidential campaign in South Korea". International journal of public opinion research, v. 24, n. 1, pp. 62-78.

https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/edr046

Klinger, Ulrike; Svensson, Jakob (2015). “The emergence of network media logic in political communication: A theoretical approach". New media & society, v. 17, n. 8, pp. 1241-1257.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444814522952

Kormelink, Tim-Groot; Costera-Meijer, Irene (2018). “What clicks actually mean: Exploring digital news user practices". Journalism, v. 19, n. 5, pp. 668-683.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884916688290

Kovach, Bill; Rosenstiel, Tom (2001). The elements of journalism: what news people should know and the public should expect. New York: Three Rivers. ISBN: 978 0 804136785

Krumsvik, Arne H. (2013). “Towards a typology of strategies for user involvement". In: Friedrichsen, M.; Mühl-Benninghaus, W. (eds.). Handbook of social media management. Media business and innovation. Berlin: Springer, pp. 657-670. ISBN: 978 3 642288968

Ksiazek, Thomas B. (2018). “Commenting on the news: Explaining the degree and quality of user comments on news websites". Journalism studies, v. 19, n. 5, pp. 650-673.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1209977

Ksiazek, Thomas B.; Peer, Limor; Zivic, Andrew (2015). “Discussing the news: Civility and hostility in user comments". Digital journalism, v. 3, n. 6, pp. 850-870.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2014.972079

Kümpel, Anna-Sophie; Karnowski, Veronika; Keyling, Till (2015). “News sharing in social media: A review of current research on news sharing users, content, and networks". Social media + society, v. 1, n. 2, pp. 1-14.

https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115610141

Lampinen, Airi (2015). “Deceptively simple: Unpacking the notion of ‘sharing’”. Social media + society, v. 1, n. 1.

https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115578135

Lanham, Richard A. (2006). The economics of attention: Style and substance in the age of information. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 978 0 226 46882 2

Larsson, Anders-Oloff (2012). “Interactivity on Swedish newspaper websites: What kind, how much and why?”. Convergence: The international journal of research into new media technologies, v. 18, n. 2, pp. 195-213.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856511430184

Larsson, Anders-Olof (2018). “‘I shared the news today, oh boy’: News provision and interaction on Facebook". Journalism studies, v. 19, n. 1, pp. 43-61.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1154797

Losey, James (2014). “The Anti-counterfeiting trade agreement and European civil society: A Case study of networked advocacy”. Journal of information policy, v. 4, pp. 205-227.

https://goo.gl/AC8to9

Lasorsa, Dominic L.; Lewis, Seth C.; Holton, Avery E. (2012). “Normalizing Twitter. Journalism practice in an emerging communication space”. Journalism studies, v. 13, n. 1, pp. 19-36.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2011.571825

Lazarsfeld, Paul-Felix; Berelson, Bernard; Gaudet, Hazel (1948). The people’s choice: How the voter makes up his mind in a presidential campaign. New York, NY: Columbia University Press. ISBN: 978 0 231085830

Lee, Chei-Sian; Ma, Long (2012). “News sharing in social media: The effect of gratifications and prior experience". Computers in human behavior, v. 28, n. 2, pp. 331-339.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S074756321100210X?via%3Dihub

Lee, Eun-Ju; Jang, Yoon-Jae (2010). "What do others' reactions to news on Internet portal sites tell us? Effects of presentation format and readers' need for cognition on reality perception". Communication research, v. 37, n. 6, pp. 825-846.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650210376189

Lewis, Seth C.; Molyneux, Logan (2018). “A decade of research on social media and journalism: Assumptions, blind spots, and a way forward". Media and communication, v. 6, n. 4, pp. 11-23.

https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i4.1562

Lewis, Seth C.; Holton, Avery E.; Coddington, Mark (2014). “Reciprocal journalism". Journalism practice, v. 8, n. 2, pp. 229-241.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2013.859840

Lichterman, Joseph (2016). Twitter has outsized influence, but it doesn’t drive much traffic for most news orgs, a new report says. Nieman Lab.

http://www.niemanlab.org/2016/04/twitter-has-outsized-influence-but-it-doesnt-drive-much-traffic-for-most-news-orgs-a-new-report-says

Lietsala, Katri; Sirkkunen, Esa (2008). Social media: Introduction to the tools and processes of participatory economy. Tampere: Tampere University Press. ISBN: 978 951 44 7374 6

https://tampub.uta.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/65560/978-951-44-7320-3.pdf

Liu, Qian; Zhou, Mi; Zhao, Xin (2015). “Understanding news 2.0: A framework for explaining the number of comments from readers on online news". Information and management, v. 52, n. 7, pp. 764-776.

http://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.01.002

Livingstone, Sonia (2005). “On the relation between audiences and publics: Why audience and public". In: Livingstone, Sonia (ed.). Audiences and publics: When cultural engagement matters for the public sphere. Bristol: Intellect Books, pp. 17-41. ISBN: 1841501298

https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/92597.pdf

Livingstone, Sonia (2013). “The participation paradigm in audience research". The communication review, v. 16, n. 1-2, pp. 21-30.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10714421.2013.757174

Loader, Brian D.; Mercea, Dan (2012). Social media and democracy. Oxon: Routledge. ISBN: 978 0 415683708

Loke, Jaime (2012). “Old turf, new neighbors: Journalists’ perspectives on their new shared space". Journalism practice, v. 6, n. 2, pp. 233-249.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2011.616649

Ma, Long; Lee, Chei-Sian; Goh, Dion-Hoe-Lian (2013). “Investigating influential factors influencing users to share news in social media: A diffusion of innovations perspective". In: Proceedings of the 13th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint conference on digital libraries.

https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2467749

Ma, Long; Lee, Chei-Sian; Goh, Dion-Hoe-Lian (2014). “Understanding news sharing in social media: An explanation from the diffusion of innovations theory". Online information review, v. 38, n. 5, pp. 598-615.

https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-10-2013-0239

Manosevitch, Idit; Tenenboim, Ori (2017). “The multifaced role of user-generated content in news websites. An analytical framework". Digital journalism, v. 5, n. 6, pp. 731-752.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2016.1189840

Masip, Pere (2011) “Comentarios de las noticias: la pesadilla de los cibermedios”. Anuario ThinkEPI, v. 5, pp. 106-111.

https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/ThinkEPI/article/viewFile/30478/16044

Masip, Pere; Ruiz-Caballero, Carles; Suau, Jaume (2019). “Contesting professional procedures of journalists: public conversation on Twitter after Germanwings accident". Digital journalism, Online first.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2018.1546551

Masip, Pere; Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos; Suau, Jaume (2015). "Journalists hegemonies in the age of journalism participation: the audience's perspective". IAMCR intl conf, Montreal (Canada), July 12-15.

Masip, Pere; Suau-Martínez, Jaume; Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos (2018). "Questioning the selective exposure to news: understanding the impact of social networks on political news consumption". American behavioral scientist, v. 62, n. 3, pp. 300-319.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764217708586

Masip, Pere; Guallar, Javier; Suau, Jaume; Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos; Peralta, Miquel (2015a). “News and social networks: audience behavior”. El profesional de la información, v. 24, n. 4, pp. 363-370.

https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2015.jul.02

Masip, Pere; Guallar, Javier; Suau, Jaume; Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos; Peralta, Miquel (2015b). “Active audiences and journalism: Involved citizens or motivated consumers?”. Brazilian journalism research, v. 11, pp. 234-255.

https://doi.org/10.25200/BJR.v11n1.2015.815

Massey, Brian L.; Levy, Mark R. (1999). “'Interactive' online journalism at English-language web newspapers in Asia: A dependency theory analysis". International communication gazette, v. 61, n. 6, pp. 523-535.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549299061006005

Mcallister, Ian (2007). “The personalization of politics". In: The Oxford handbook of political behavior. Oxford Handbooks Online. ISBN: 978 0 199270125

Melucci, Alberto (1996). Challenging codes: Collective action in the information age. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 0 521578431

Messing, Solomon; Westwood, Sean J. (2014) "Selective exposure in the age of social media: Endorsements Trump partisan source affiliation when selecting news online". Communication research, v. 41, n. 8, p. 1042-1063.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650212466406

Meyer, Hans K.; Carey, Michael-Clay (2014). “In moderation. Examining how journalists' attitudes toward online comments affect the creation of communit". Journalism practice, v. 8, n. 2, pp. 213-228.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2013.859838

Min, Seong-Jae (2007). “Online vs. face-to-face deliberation: Effects on civic engagement". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 12, n. 4, pp. 1369-1387.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00377.x

Mitchell, Amy; Holcomb, Jesse; Weisel, Rachel (2016). State of news media 2016. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center.

http://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2016/06/state-of-the-news-media-report-2016-final.pdf

Mitchell, Amy; Page, Dana (2014). State of news media 2014. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center.

http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2017/05/30142556/state-of-the-news-media-report-2014-final.pdf

Mitchelstein, Eugenia (2011). "Catharsis and community: Divergent motivations for audience participation in online newspapers and blogs". International journal of communication, v. 5, pp. 2014-2034.

https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/viewFile/1080/672

Mouffe, Chantal (2005). On the political (Thinking in action). London: Routledge. ISBN: 978 0 415305211

Mouffe, Chantal (2013). Agonistics: Thinking the world politically. London: Verso. ISBN: 978 1 781681039

Muddiman, Ashley; Stroud, Natalie-Jomini (2017). “News values, cognitive biases, and partisan incivility in comment sections". Journal of communication, v. 67, n. 4, pp. 586-609.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12312

Naab, Teresa K.; Sehl, Annika (2017). “Studies of user-generated content: A systematic review". Journalism, v. 18, n. 10, pp. 1256-1273.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884916673557

Napoli, Philip M. (2009). Navigating producer-consumer convergence: Media policy priorities in the era of user-generated and user-distributed content. New York: The Donald McGannon Communication Research Center, Fordham University.

https://fordham.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=mcgannon_research

Nerone, John (2009). “The death (and rebirth?) of working-class journalism". Journalism, v. 10, n. 3, pp. 353-355.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884909102596

Newman, Nic; Fletcher, Richard; Kalogeropoulos, Antonis; Levy, David A. L.; Nielsen, Rasmus-Kleis (2018). Digital news report 2018. Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism.

http://media.digitalnewsreport.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/digital-news-report-2018.pdf

Newman, Nic; Fletcher, Richard; Levy, David A. L.; Nielsen, Rasmus-Kleis (2016). Digital news report: 2016. Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism.

http://media.digitalnewsreport.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Digital-News-Report-2016.pdf

Newman, Nic; Levy, David A. L. (2014). Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2014. Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism.

https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/research/files/Reuters%2520Institute%2520Digital%2520News%2520Report%25202014.pdf

Newman, Nic; Dutton, William H.; Blank, Grant (2012). “Social media in the changing ecology of news: The fourth and fifth estates in Britain". International journal of internet science, v. 7, n. 1, pp. 6-22.

http://www.ijis.net/ijis7_1/ijis7_1_newman_et_al.pdf

Nielsen, Rasmus-Kleis; Schrøder, Kim-Christian (2014). “The relative importance of social media for accessing, finding, and engaging with news". Digital journalism, v. 2, n. 4, pp. 472-489.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2013.872420

Nilsson, Monica-Löfgren; Örnebring, Henrik (2016). “Journalism under threat". Journalism practice, v. 10, n. 7, pp. 880-890.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2016.1164614

Nip, Joyce Y. M. (2006). “Exploring the second phase of public journalism". Journalism studies, v. 7, n. 2, pp. 212-236.

https://doi.org/10.1080/14616700500533528

Nisbet, Matthew C.; Scheufele, Dietram A. (2004). "Political talk as a catalyst for online citizenship". Journalism & mass communication quarterly, v. 81, n. 4, pp. 877-896.

https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900408100410

Norris, Pippa (2000). A virtuous circle. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 0 521793643

Norris, Pippa (2002). Democratic phoenix: Reinventing political activism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 0 511610073

O’Neill, Paul (2007). Curating subjects. Amsterdam: Open Editions. ISBN: 978 0 949004161

O’Sullivan, John; Heinonen, Ari (2008). “Old values, new media. Journalism role perceptions in a changing world". Journalism practice, v. 2, n. 3, pp. 357-371.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512780802281081

Olmstead, Kenny; Mitchell, Ami; Rosenstiel, Tom (2011). Navigating news online: Where people go, how they get there and what lures them away. Pew Research Center.

http://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/legacy/NIELSEN-STUDY-Copy.pdf

Owen, Laura-Hazard (2018). “Here’s a first attempt to quantify the extent of Europe’s fake news problema". Nieman Journalism Lab.

http://www.niemanlab.org/2018/01/heres-a-first-attempt-to-quantify-the-extent-of-europes-fake-news-problem

Oz, Mustafa; Zheng, Pei; Chen, Gina-Masullo (2018). “Twitter versus Facebook: Comparing incivility, impoliteness, and deliberative attributes”. New media & society, v. 20, n. 9, pp. 3400-3419.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817749516

Papacharissi, Zizi (2002). "The virtual sphere: The Internet as a public sphere". New media & society, v. 4, n. 1, pp. 9-27.

https://doi.org/10.1177/14614440222226244

Papacharissi, Zizi (2004). “Democracy online: Civility, politeness, and the democratic potential of online political discussion groups". New media and society, v. 6, n. 2, pp. 259-283.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444804041444

Papacharissi, Zizi (2010). A private sphere: Democracy in a digital age. Cambridge: Polity Press. ISBN: 978 0 745645254

Papacharissi, Zizi (2015a). Affective publics: Sentiment, technology, and politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978 0 199999736

Papacharissi, Zizi (2015b). “Toward new journalism. Affective news, hybridity, and liminal spaces". Journalism studies, v. 16, n. 1, pp. 27-40.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.890328

Pariser, Eli (2011). The filter bubble: What the Internet is hiding from you. UK: Penguin. ISBN: 978 0 241 95452 2

Pasquale, Frank (2015). The black box society: The secret algorithms that control money and information. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN: 978 0 674368279

Peacock, Cynthia; Scacco, Joshua M.; Stroud, Natalie-Jomini (2017). “The deliberative influence of comment section structure". Journalism, Online first.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884917711791

Peterson, Erik; Goel, Sharad; Iyengar, Shanto (2018). “Echo chambers and partisan polarization: Evidence from the 2016 presidential campaign". Unpublished manuscript.

https://5harad.com/papers/selective-exposure.pdf

Persily, Nathaniel (2017). “Can democracy survive the Internet?”. Journal of democracy, v. 28, n. 2, pp. 63-76.

https://www.journalofdemocracy.org/article/can-democracy-survive-the-internet

Pharr, Susan J.; Robert D. Putnam (eds.) (2000). Disaffected democracies: What’s troubling the Trilateral countries. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978 0 691049243

Picone, Ike; De-Wolf, Ralf; Robijt, Sarie (2016). “Who shares what with whom and why?: News sharing profiles amongst Flemish news users". Digital journalism, v. 4, n. 7, pp. 921-932.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2016.1168708

Press, Andrea L.; Williams, Bruce A. (2010). The new media environment: An introduction. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN: 978 1 4051 2768 4

Press, Andrea L.; Livingstone, Sonia (2006). “Taking audience research into the age of new media: Old problems and new challenges". In: White, M; Schwoch, J. (eds.) Questions of method in cultural studies. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, pp. 175-200. ISBN: 978 0 631 22978 0

https://www.academia.edu/29375452/Taking_Audience_Research_into_the_Age_of_New_Media_Old_Problems_and_New_Challenges

Prior, Markus (2007). Post-broadcast democracy. How media choice increases inequality in political involvement and polarizes elections. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 0 521675338

Prior, Markus (2013). “Media and political polarization". Annual review of political science, v. 16, pp. 101-127.

https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-100711-135242

Prochazka, Fabian; Weber, Patrick; Schweiger, Wolfgang (2018). “Effects of civility and reasoning in user comments on perceived journalistic quality". Journalism studies, n. 19, n. 1, pp. 62-78.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1161497

Purcell, Kristen; Rainie, Lee; Mitchell, Amy; Rosenstiel, Tom (2010). Understanding the participatory news consumer. Pew Research Center’s Internet & American Life Project.

http://www.pewinternet.org/2010/03/01/understanding-the-participatory-news-consumer

Quandt, Thorsten (2018). “Dark participation". Media and communication, v. 6, n. 4, pp. 36-48.

https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i4.1519

Quattrociocchi, Walter; Scala, Antonio; Sunstein, Cass R. (2016). Echo chambers on Facebook, 15 pp.

https://ssrn.com/abstract=2795110

https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2795110

Rainie, Lee; Wellman, Barry (2012). Networked. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press. ISBN: 978 0 262526166

Rains, Stephen A. (2007). "The impact of anonymity on perceptions of source credibility and influence in computer-mediated group communication: A test of two competing hypotheses". Communication research, v. 34, n. 1, pp. 100-125.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650206296084

Reader, Bill (2012). “Free press vs. free speech? The rhetoric of ‘civility’ in regard to anonymous online comments". Journalism & mass communication quarterly, v. 89, n. 3, pp. 495-513.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699012447923

Reich, Zvi (2011). "User comments: The transformation of participatory space". In: Singer, Jane B. (eds.). Participatory journalism: Guarding open gates at online newspapers. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 96-117. ISBN: 978 1 444 33226 1

Rheingold, Howard (2002). Smart mobs: The next social revolution. Cambridge MA: Perseus Publishing. ISBN: 978 0 738208619

Richardson, John E.; Stanyer, James (2011). “Reader opinion in the digital age: Tabloid and broadsheet newspaper websites and the exercise of political voice". Journalism, v. 12, n. 8, pp. 983-1003.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884911415974

Robertson, Scott P.; Vatrapu, Ravi K.; Medina, Richard (2010). "Off the wall political discourse: Facebook use in the 2008 U.S. presidential election". Information polity, v. 15, n. 1-2, pp. 11-31.

https://doi.org/10.3233/IP-2010-0196

https://www.cbs.dk/files/cbs.dk/52815712.pdf

Robinson, Sue (2010) "Traditionalists vs. convergers: Textual privilege, boundary work, and the journalist-audience relationship in the commenting policies of online news sites". Convergence: The international journal of research into new media technologies, v. 16, n. 1, pp. 125-143.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856509347719

Rojas, Hernando (2010). "'Corrective' actions in the public sphere: How perceptions of media and media effects shape political behaviors". International journal of public opinion research, v. 22, n. 3, pp. 343-363.

https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/edq018

Rosengard, Dana; Tucker-McLaughlin, Mary; Brown, Tim (2014). “Students and social news: How college students share news through social media". Electronic news, v. 8, n. 2, pp. 120-137.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1931243114546448

Rowe, Ian (2014). “Civility 2.0: A comparative analysis of incivility in online political discussion”. Information, communication & society, v. 18, n. 2, pp. 121-138.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2014.940365

Rowe, Ian (2015). “Deliberation 2.0: Comparing the deliberative quality of online news user comments across platforms”. Journal of broadcasting & electronic media, v. 59, n. 4, pp. 539-555.

https//doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2015.1093482

Rudat, Anja; Buder, Jürgen; Hesse, Friedrich W. (2014). “Audience design in Twitter: Retweeting behavior between informational value and followers’ interests". Computers in human behavior, v. 35, pp. 132-139.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.006

Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos; Masip, Pere; Micó-Sanz, Josep-Lluís; Díaz-Noci, Javier; Domingo, David (2010). “Conversation 2.0. and democracy. An analysis of reader’s comments in Catalan online newspapers". Communication and society, v. 23, n. 2, pp. 7-39.

https://www.unav.es/fcom/communication-society/en/resumen.php?art_id=360

Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos; Domingo, David; Micó-Sanz, Josep-Lluís; Díaz-Noci, Javier; Meso, Koldo; Masip, Pere (2011). “Public sphere 2.0? The democratic qualities of citizen debates in online newspapers". International journal of press/politics, v. 16, n. 4, pp. 463-487.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161211415849

Rutherford, Jennifer (2003). “Zombie categories: Interview with Ulrich Beck”. In: Beck, Ulrich; Beck-Gernsheim, Elisbeth. Individualization: Institutionalized individualism and its social and political consequences. London: Sage, pp. 202-213. ISBN: 978 0 761961123

Santana, Arthur D. (2011). “Online readers’ comments represent new opinion pipeline". Newspaper research journal, v. 32, n. 3, pp. 66-81.

https://doi.org/10.1177/073953291103200306

Santana, Arthur D. (2013). “Virtuous or vitriolic. The effect of anonymity on civility in online newspaper reader comment boards” Journalism practice, v. 8, n. 1, pp. 18-33.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2013.813194

Santana, Arthur D. (2014). “Controlling the conversation". Journalism studies, v. 17, n. 2, pp. 141-158.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.972076

Sartori, Giovanni (1998). Homo videns. Madrid: Taurus. ISBN: 978 84 66342513

Schäfer, Mike S. (2015). “Digital public sphere”. In: Mazzoleni, G. et al. (eds.). The international encyclopedia of political communication. London: Wiley Blackwell, pp. 322-328.

https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118541555.wbiepc087

Schmidt, Jan-Hinrik (2014). “Twitter and the rise of personal publics". In: Weller, Katrin et al. (eds.). Twitter & society. New York: Peter Lang, pp. 3-14. ISBN: 978 1 4331 2169 2

http://www.schmidtmitdete.de/pdf/01_Schmidt_Twitter%20and%20the%20Rise%20of%20Personal%20Publics.pdf

http://alexleavitt.com/media/2014_PeterLang_TwitterAndSociety.pdf

Schrøder, Kim-Christian (2013). “From dogmatism to open-mindedness? Historical reflections on methods in audience reception research". The communication review, v. 16, n. 1-2, pp. 40-50.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10714421.2013.757485

Schrøder, Kim-Christian (2015). "News media old and new". Journalism studies, v. 16, n. 1, pp. 60-78.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.890332

Schrøder, Kim-Christian; Drotner, Kristen; Kline, Stephen; Murray, Catherine (2003). Researching audiences. A practical guide to methods in media audience analysis. London: Arnold. ISBN: 978 0 340762745

Schwering, Markus (2014). "Internet and public sphere. What the web can’t do. Jürgen Habermas interviewed by Markus Schwering". Interview published in the “feulleton” of the Frankfurter Rundschau, 14/15 June.

https://www.resetdoc.org/story/internet-and-public-sphere-what-the-web-cant-do

Sherrick, Brett; Hoewe, Jennifer (2018). “The effect of explicit online comment moderation on three spiral of silence outcomes". New media & society, v. 20, n. 2, pp. 453-474.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444816662477

Shoemaker, Pamela; Vos, Tim P. (2009). Gatekeeping theory. New York: Routledge. ISBN: 978 0 415981385

Singer, Jane B. (2008). “Online journalists. Foundations for research into their changing roles". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 4, n. 1.

http://www.ascusc.org/jcmc/vol4/issue1/singer.html

Singer, Jane B. (2010). “Quality control: Perceived effects of user-generated content on newsroom norms, values and routines” Journalism practice, v. 4, n. 2, pp. 127-142.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512780903391979

Singer, Jane B. (2014). "User-generated visibility: Secondary gatekeeping in a shared media space". New media & society, v. 16, n. 1, pp. 55-73.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813477833

Singer, Jane B.; Domingo, David; Heinonen, Ari; Hermida, Alfred; Paulussen, Steve; Quandt, Thorsten; Reich, Zvi; Vujnovic, Marina (2011). Participatory journalism: Guarding open gates at online newspapers. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN: 978 1 444 33226 1

Soffer, Oren; Gordoni, Galit (2017). “Opinion expression via user comments on news websites: Analysis through the perspective of the spiral of silence". Information, communication and society, v. 21, n. 3, pp. 388-403.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1281991

Sparks, Colin; Tulloch, John (2000). Tabloid tales. London: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN: 978 0 847695720

Springer, Nina; Engelmann, Ines; Pfaffinger, Christian (2015). “User comments: Motives and inhibitors to write and read". Information, communication and society, v. 18, n. 7, pp. 798-815.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2014.997268

Steiner, George (2004). La idea d’Europa. Barcelona: Arcàdia. ISBN: 978 84 93409609

Steinfeld, Nili; Samuel-Azran, Tal; Lev-On, Azi (2016). “User comments and public opinion: Findings from an eye-tracking experiment". Computers in human behavior, v. 61, pp. 63-72.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.004

Stelter, Brian (2008). "Finding political news online, the young pass it on". The New York Times, March 27th.

http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/27/us/politics/27voters.html

Stieglitz, Stefan; Dang-Xuan, Linh (2013). “Emotions and information diffusion in social media - Sentiment of microblogs and sharing behavior”. Journal of management information systems, v. 29, n. 4, pp. 217-248.

https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222290408

Stroud, Natalie-Jomini (2010) "Polarization and partisan selective exposure". Journal of communication, v. 60, n. 3, pp. 556-576.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2010.01497.x

Stroud, Natalie-Jomini; Muddiman, Ashley; Scacco, Joshua M. (2016). “Like, recommend, or respect? Altering political behavior in news comment sections". New media & society, v. 19, n. 11, pp. 1727-1743.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444816642420

Stroud, Natalie-Jomini; Scacco, Joshua M.; Muddiman, Ashley; Curry, Alexander L. (2014). “Changing deliberative norms on news organizations’ Facebook sites". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 20, n. 2, pp. 188-203.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12104

Suau, Jaume (2015). Citizens and online media participation. Attitudes and motivations towards participatory journalism and other online practices in London and Barcelona. PhD thesis. Barcelona, University Ramon Llull.

Suau, Jaume; Masip, Pere (2014). “Exploring participatory journalism in mediterranean countries". Journalism practice, v. 8, n. 6, pp. 670-687.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2013.865964

Suau, Jaume; Masip, Pere; Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos (2019) (forthcoming). "Missing the big wave: Citizens’ discourses against the participatory formats adopted by news media". Journalism practice.

Sujin, Choi; Ji-young, Park; Woo, Park-Han (2012). "Using social media data to explore communication processes within South Korean online innovati


Downloads

Downloads per month over past year

Actions (login required)

View Item View Item
Contact us
Send email Sponsors
Sponsor: AIMS Sponsor: D&P Sponsor: UniNa CAB Get connected
Facebook Facebook Twitter Twitter Linkedin LinkedIn RSS RSS