Tránsito de universidad docente a universidad de investigación. ¿Un problema de información académica, de taxonomías o de rankings universitarios?

Bustos-González, Atilio Tránsito de universidad docente a universidad de investigación. ¿Un problema de información académica, de taxonomías o de rankings universitarios? El profesional de la información, 2019, vol. 28, n. 4. [Journal article (Unpaginated)]

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English abstract

The objective of this article is to generate a discussion about how to differentiate research universities, teaching universities that do research and teaching universities. The distinction made by university taxonomies, global higher education rankings and the academic information generated by the system’s own actors is analyzed. The study demonstrates how currently taxonomies and traditional models do not characterize university systems, even in the country where they were born. The global rankings of universities prove to be a useful source of information and a way to contribute to institutional visibility and reputation. Academic information, when it comes to qualitative indicators of scientific production, finds access limitations, especially for teaching universities that carry out research. Examples of lack of methodological rigor are documented when these indicators are reused. The characterization of scientific production must balance the indicators that describe the size of the production, with those that characterize performance, impact and excellence. The analysis of the empirical information shows that some institutions, of all countries analyzed and of all sizes, have impact results that are below the world average, showing that there is no positive correlation between research performance and institutional size. The difficulty is not so much in determining when we are in front of a research university, but in defining the border between a teaching university that does research and the one that is essentially teaching. A teaching university that does research produces at least 100 articles per year, counted in five-year windows, being desirable that this size threshold be above 150 annual articles. A research university produces at least 1,000 to 2,000 articles per year and graduates at least 20 doctors per year. In both cases, the institutions must reach performance, impact and excellence indicators, both led, that demonstrate that the university has a faculty staff able to do original research autonomously, with a level of results equivalent to those of their colleagues in the world.

Spanish abstract

El objetivo de este artículo es generar una discusión en torno a cómo diferenciar universidades de investigación, universidades docentes que hacen investigación y universidades docentes. Se analiza la distinción que hacen las taxonomías universitarias, los rankings globales de educación superior y la información académica generada por los propios actores del sistema. El estudio demuestra como actualmente las taxonomías y modelos tradicionales no caracterizan los sistemas universitarios, ni siquiera en el país donde nacieron. Los rankings globales de universidades muestran ser una fuente útil de información y una forma de contribuir a la visibilidad y reputación institucional. La información académica, cuando se trata de indicadores cualitativos de la producción científica, encuentra limitaciones de acceso, especialmente para universidades docentes que hacen investigación. Se documentan ejemplos de falta de rigor metodológico cuando se reutilizan dichos indicadores. La caracterización de la producción científica debe equilibrar los indicadores que describen el tamaño de la producción, con aquellos que caracterizan la performance, impacto y excelencia. El análisis de la información empírica muestra que algunas instituciones, de todos los países analizados y de todos los tamaños, presentan resultados de impacto que están descendidos de la media del mundo, evidenciando que no existe una correlación positiva entre desempeño investigador y tamaño institucional. La dificultad no radica tanto en determinar cuándo estamos frente a una universidad de investigación, sino en definir la frontera entre una universidad docente que hace investigación y la que es esencialmente docente. Como mínimo una universidad docente que hace investigación produce 100 artículos por año, contados en ventanas de cinco años, siendo deseable que ese umbral de tamaño esté por encima de los 150 artículos anuales. Una universidad de investigación produce como mínimo entre 1.000 y 2.000 artículos por año y gradúa al menos 20 doctores por año. En ambos casos, las instituciones deben alcanzar unos indicadores de performance, impacto y excelencia, ambos liderados, que demuestren que la universidad cuenta con un claustro de profesores en condiciones de hacer investigación original de forma autónoma, con un nivel de resultados equivalentes a los de sus colegas en el mundo.

Item type: Journal article (Unpaginated)
Keywords: Universidad de investigación; Universidad docente que hace investigación; Universidad docente; Taxonomías universitarias; Rankings globales de universidades; Rankings de universidades; Información académica; Research university; Teaching university that does research; Teaching university; University taxonomies; Global rankings of universities; University rankings; Academic information.
Subjects: A. Theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information.
B. Information use and sociology of information > BF. Information policy
B. Information use and sociology of information > BG. Information dissemination and diffusion.
F. Management. > FJ. Knowledge management
G. Industry, profession and education. > GD. Organizations.
G. Industry, profession and education. > GG. Curricula aspects.
G. Industry, profession and education. > GH. Education.
Depositing user: Tomàs Baiget
Date deposited: 25 Nov 2019 19:00
Last modified: 25 Nov 2019 19:03
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10760/39258

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