Evoluția și etica eugeniei

Sfetcu, Nicolae Evoluția și etica eugeniei., 2018 [Preprint]

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English abstract

As eugenics is defined, it is very difficult to make a clear distinction between science (medicine, genetic engineering) and eugenics. And to establish a line over which genetic engineering should not cross, according to moral, legal and religious norms. As long as we accept the help of genetics in finding ways to fight cancer, diabetes or HIV, we also implicitly accept positive eugenics, according to the current definition. And as long as we accept genetic screening, and interventions on the unborn fetus, or abortion, we also implicitly accept negative eugenics. Furthermore, at the level of governments, although eugenics is officially repudiated, it was legalized in many countries until recently, and is still accepted and legalized, albeit in more subtle forms, even today. In the Introduction I define the term and ways of classification. Next is the History of eugenics starting from the ancient period, the introduction of eugenics by Francis Galton, the practice of eugenics as a state policy in various countries, and current eugenics (liberal eugenics). I then analyze various issues raised by the Ethics of Liberal Eugenics, and have developed a separate section for The Future of Eugenics, focusing on the Human Genome Project. Finally, in the Conclusions section I present my personal views on the current practice of eugenics.

Romanian abstract

Așa cum este definită eugenia, este foarte dificil de făcut o diferențiere clară între știință (medicină, ingineria genetică) și eugenie. Și de stabilit o linie peste care ingineria genetică nu ar trebui să treacă, conform unor norme morale, juridice și religioase. Atâta timp cât acceptăm ajutorul geneticii în găsirea unor modalități de combatere a cancerului, diabetului sau HIV, acceptăm în mod implicit și eugenia pozitivă, conform definiției actuale. Și atâta timp cât acceptăm screening-ul genetic, și intervenții asupra fătului nenăscut, sau avortul, acceptăm în mod implicit și eugenia negativă. În plus, la nivel de guverne, deși oficial eugenia este repudiată, ea a fost legalizată în foarte multe țări până de curând, și încă mai este acceptată și legalizată, chiar dacă în forme mai subtile, și în prezent. În Introducere definesc termenul și modurile de clasificare. Urmează Istoria eugeniei pornind din perioada antică, introducerea eugeniei de Francis Galton, practica eugeniei ca politică de stat în diverse țări, și eugenia actuală (eugenia liberală). Analizez apoi diverse probleme ridicate de Etica eugeniei liberale, și am dezvoltat o secțiune aparte pentru Viitorul eugeniei, cu accent pe proiectul genomului uman. În final, în secțiunea Concluzii expun opiniile personale cu privire la practica actuală a eugeniei.

Item type: Preprint
Keywords: eugenia, etica, genetica, eugenism
Subjects: G. Industry, profession and education. > GH. Education.
Depositing user: Nicolae Sfetcu
Date deposited: 26 Jun 2023 06:32
Last modified: 26 Jun 2023 06:32
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10760/44472

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