Ce este eugenia?

Sfetcu, Nicolae Ce este eugenia?, 2019 [Preprint]

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English abstract

The term eugenics, as a practice and field of study, was coined by Francis Galton in 1883, based on the work of his cousin Charles Darwin, Mendelian genetics, and the theories of August Weismann (germ plasm theory, according to which hereditary information is transmitted only by germ cells from gonads (ovaries and testes), not somatic cells). Galton defined eugenics as "the study of all agents under human control which may improve or impair the racial quality of future generations." Eugenics was later described as a social movement to improve the human species through the use of technology. The term has a strong negative connotation due to its historical connotations related to the selective breeding programs, concentration camps, and medical experiments and mass extermination promoted by the Nazi regime of Germany in World War II.

Romanian abstract

Termenul eugenie, ca practică și domeniu de studiu, a fost inventat către Francis Galton în 1883, bazându-se pe opera vărului său, Charles Darwin, genetica mendeliană și teoriile lui August Weismann (teoria plasmei germenilor, conform căreia informația ereditară este transmisă numai de celulele germinale din gonade (ovare și testicule), nu de celule somatice) . Galton a definit eugenismul drept "studiul tuturor agenților aflați sub control uman care pot îmbunătăți sau afecta calitatea rasială a generațiilor viitoare". Eugenia a fost descrisă ulterior ca o mișcare socială de îmbunătățire a speciei umane prin utilizarea tehnologiei. Termenul are o puternică valență negativă datorită conotațiilor sale istorice legate de programele selective de reproducere, taberele de concentrare, și experimentele medicale și exterminările în masă promovate de regimul nazist al Germaniei în al doilea război mondial.

Item type: Preprint
Keywords: eugenia, Francis Galton, Charles Darwin, genetica mendeliană, August Weismann, regimul nazist
Subjects: D. Libraries as physical collections. > DK. Health libraries, Medical libraries.
Depositing user: Nicolae Sfetcu
Date deposited: 04 Mar 2024 12:15
Last modified: 04 Mar 2024 12:15
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10760/45630

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